JS 判断文件是否是图片

JS 判断文件是否为图片，原理就是检测文件的 Magic Number

对 JPEG、GIF、PNG 的 magic number 的检测如下：

var pngMagic = [
    0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a
];
var jpeg_jfif = [
    0x4a, 0x46, 0x49, 0x46
];
var jpeg_exif = [
    0x45, 0x78, 0x69, 0x66
];
var jpegMagic = [
    0xFF, 0xD8, 0xFF, 0xE0
];
var gifMagic0 = [
    0x47, 0x49, 0x46, 0x38, 0x37, 0x61
];
var getGifMagic1 = [
    0x47, 0x49, 0x46, 0x38, 0x39, 0x61
];

function arraycopy(src, index, dist, distIndex, size) {
    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        dist[distIndex + i] = src[index + i]
    }
}

function arrayEquals(arr1, arr2) {
    console.log(arr1)
    console.log(arr2)
    if (arr1 == 'undefined' || arr2 == 'undefined') {
        return false
    }
    if (arr1 instanceof Array && arr2 instanceof Array) {
        if (arr1.length != arr2.length) {
            return false
        }
        for (i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {
            if (arr1[i] != arr2[i]) {
                return false
            }
        }
        return true
    }
    return false;
}

function isImage(buf) {
    if (buf == null || buf == 'undefined' || buf.length < 8) {
        return null;
    }
    var bytes = [];
    arraycopy(buf, 0, bytes, 0, 6);
    if (isGif(bytes)) {
        return "image/gif";
    }
    bytes = [];
    arraycopy(buf, 6, bytes, 0, 4);
    if (isJpeg(bytes)) {
        return "image/jpeg";
    }
    bytes = [];
    arraycopy(buf, 0, bytes, 0, 8);
    if (isPng(bytes)) {
        return "image/png";
    }
    return null;
}


/**
 * @param data first 6 bytes of file
 * @return gif image file true,other false
 */
function isGif(data) {
    console.log('GIF')
    return arrayEquals(data, gifMagic0) || arrayEquals(data, getGifMagic1);
}

/**
 * @param data first 4 bytes of file
 * @return jpeg image file true,other false
 */
function isJpeg(data) {
    console.log('JPEG')
    return arrayEquals(data, jpegMagic) || arrayEquals(data, jpeg_jfif) || arrayEquals(data, jpeg_exif);
}

/**
 * @param data first 8 bytes of file
 * @return png image file true,other false
 */
function isPng(data) {
    console.log('PNG')
    return arrayEquals(data, pngMagic);
}
​

在 HTML 中使用如下：

function handleFileSelect(evt) {
    var files = evt.target.files; 
    if (files[0]) {
	var reader = new FileReader();
	reader.onload = fileLoaded;
	//读取文件为ArrayBuffer
	reader.readAsArrayBuffer(files[0]);
    }
}
function fileLoaded(evt) {
    //取前11Bytes转换成Uint8Array
    var fileBuf = new Uint8Array(evt.target.result.slice(0, 11));
    //调用之前的方法判断是不是图片
    //如果不是返回null，否则返回mimeType
    var mime = isImage(fileBuf);
    alert(mime)
}
//对 input 注册change 事件监听
var fileInput = document.getElementById('file');
fileInput.addEventListener('change', handleFileSelect, false);
​