iOS 蓝牙开发中 app 作为外设被连接怎么实现？

在 iOS 应用开发中，蓝牙开发是一个重点， 是 iOS 开发人员必须掌握的一个知识。今天小编就将为大家分享一篇 iOS 大牛写的有关蓝牙开发中，使用 app 发布一个 peripheral，给其他的 central 连接的实现方法。

peripheral 模式的流程

1. 打开 peripheralManager，设置 peripheralManager 的委托

2. 创建 characteristics，characteristics 的 description 创建 service，把 characteristics 添加到 service 中，再把 service 添加到 peripheralManager 中

3. 开启广播 advertising

4. 对 central 的操作进行响应

   • 4.1 读 characteristics 请求

   • 4.2 写 characteristics 请求

   • 4.4 订阅和取消订阅 characteristics

准备开发环境

1 、Xcode

2、 开发证书和手机（蓝牙程序需要使用使用真机调试，使用模拟器也可以调试，但是方法很负责，本篇分享不做过多赘述），如果不行可以使用 osx 程序调试

3、 蓝牙外设

实现步骤

1. 打开 peripheralManager，设置 peripheralManager 的委托。设置当前 ViewController 实现 CBPeripheralManagerDelegate 委托

   @interface BePeripheralViewController : UIViewController

初始化 peripheralManager

 /*
 
 和CBCentralManager类似，蓝牙设备打开需要一定时间，打开成功后会进入委托方法
 
 - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral;
 
 模拟器永远也不会得CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn状态
 */
 
peripheralManager = [[CBPeripheralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:nil];

2. 创建 characteristics，characteristics 的 description ，创建 service，把 characteristics 添加到 service 中，再把 service 添加到 peripheralManager 中

在委托方法 - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral 中，当 peripheral 成功打开后，才可以配置 service 和 characteristics。 这里创建的 service 和 chara 对象是 CBMutableCharacteristic 和 CBMutableService。他们的区别就像 NSArray 和 NSMutableArray 区别类似。 我们先创建 characteristics 和 description，description 是 characteristics 的描述，描述分很多种， 这里不细说了，常用的就是 CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionString。

//peripheralManager 状态改变

• (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral{

  switch (peripheral.state) {

        //在这里判断蓝牙设别的状态  当开启了则可调用  setUp方法(自定义)
  
    case CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn:
  
        NSLog(@"powered on");
  
        [info setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"设备名%@已经打开，可以使用center进行连接",LocalNameKey]];
  
        [self setUp];
  
        break;
  
    case CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOff:
  
        NSLog(@"powered off");
  
        [info setText:@"powered off"];
  
        break;
  
    default:
  
        break;
  

  }

}

//配置 bluetooch 的

-(void)setUp{
//characteristics 字段描述

    CBUUID *CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionStringUUID = [CBUUID UUIDWithString:CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionString];
    
    /*
    
     可以通知的Characteristic
     
     properties：CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify
     
     permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable
     
     */
     
    CBMutableCharacteristic *notiyCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:notiyCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable];
    
    /*
    
     可读写的characteristics
     
     properties：CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite | CBCharacteristicPropertyRead
     
     permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable | CBAttributePermissionsWriteable
     
     */
     
    CBMutableCharacteristic *readwriteCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:readwriteCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite | CBCharacteristicPropertyRead value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable | CBAttributePermissionsWriteable];
    
    //设置description
    
    CBMutableDescriptor *readwriteCharacteristicDescription1 = [[CBMutableDescriptor alloc]initWithType: CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionStringUUID value:@"name"];
    
    [readwriteCharacteristic setDescriptors:@[readwriteCharacteristicDescription1]];
    
    /*
    
     只读的Characteristic
     
     properties：CBCharacteristicPropertyRead
     
     permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable
     
     */
     
    CBMutableCharacteristic *readCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:readCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyRead value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable];
    
    //service1初始化并加入两个characteristics
    
    CBMutableService *service1 = [[CBMutableService alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID1] primary:YES];
    
    [service1 setCharacteristics:@[notiyCharacteristic,readwriteCharacteristic]];
    
    //service2初始化并加入一个characteristics
    
    CBMutableService *service2 = [[CBMutableService alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID2] primary:YES];
    
    [service2 setCharacteristics:@[readCharacteristic]];
    
    //添加后就会调用代理的- (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didAddService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error
    
    [peripheralManager addService:service1];
    
    [peripheralManager addService:service2];

}

3. 开启广播 advertising

//perihpheral 添加了 service

• (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didAddService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error{

  if (error == nil) {

    serviceNum++;
  

  }

  //因为我们添加了 2 个服务，所以想两次都添加完成后才去发送广播

  if (serviceNum==2) {

    //添加服务后可以在此向外界发出通告 调用完这个方法后会调用代理的
  
    //(void)peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertising:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error
  
    [peripheralManager startAdvertising:@{
  
                                          CBAdvertisementDataServiceUUIDsKey : @[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID1],[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID2]],
  
                                          CBAdvertisementDataLocalNameKey : LocalNameKey
  
                                         }
  
     ];
  

  }

}

//peripheral 开始发送 advertising

• (void)peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertising:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error{

  NSLog(@"in peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertisiong");

}

4. 对 central 的操作进行响应

• 4.1 读 characteristics 请求

• 4.2 写 characteristics 请求

• 4.3 订阅和取消订阅 characteristics

//订阅 characteristics

-(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didSubscribeToCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{

NSLog(@"订阅了 %@的数据",characteristic.UUID);

//每秒执行一次给主设备发送一个当前时间的秒数

timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1 target:self selector:@selector(sendData:) userInfo:characteristic  repeats:YES];

}

//取消订阅 characteristics

-(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didUnsubscribeFromCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{

NSLog(@"取消订阅 %@的数据",characteristic.UUID);

//取消回应

[timer invalidate];

}

//发送数据，发送当前时间的秒数

-(BOOL)sendData:(NSTimer *)t {

CBMutableCharacteristic *characteristic = t.userInfo;

NSDateFormatter *dft = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];

[dft setDateFormat:@"ss"];

NSLog(@"%@",[dft stringFromDate:[NSDate date]]);

//执行回应Central通知数据

return  [peripheralManager updateValue:[[dft stringFromDate:[NSDate date]] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] forCharacteristic:(CBMutableCharacteristic *)characteristic
onSubscribedCentrals:nil];

}
//读 characteristics 请求

• (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveReadRequest:(CBATTRequest *)request{

  NSLog(@"didReceiveReadRequest");

  //判断是否有读数据的权限

  if (request.characteristic.properties & CBCharacteristicPropertyRead) {

    NSData *data = request.characteristic.value;
  
    [request setValue:data];
  
    //对请求作出成功响应
  
    [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorSuccess];
  

  }else{

    [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorWriteNotPermitted];
  

  }

}

//写 characteristics 请求

• (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveWriteRequests:(NSArray *)requests{

  NSLog(@"didReceiveWriteRequests");

  CBATTRequest *request = requests[0];

  //判断是否有写数据的权限

  if (request.characteristic.properties & CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite) {

    //需要转换成CBMutableCharacteristic对象才能进行写值
  
    CBMutableCharacteristic *c =(CBMutableCharacteristic *)request.characteristic;
  
    c.value = request.value;
  
    [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorSuccess];
  

  }else{

    [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorWriteNotPermitted];
  

  }

}

以上就是 iOS 蓝牙开发中，app 作为外设被连接的具体实现方法，希望对大家开发这项功能有所帮助吧。

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