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spring-boot aop 打印 http 日志

本贴最后更新于 2741 天前，其中的信息可能已经天翻地覆

aop 打印 http 日志

本文项目已发布到 github，后续学习项目也会添加到此工程下，欢迎 fork 点赞。
https://github.com/wangyuheng/spring-boot-sample

需要具备少量 aop 基础，通过 springboot 构建项目方便演示。

AOP-面向切面编程

一句话描述，在 java 对象增加切点，在不改变对象的前提下通过代理扩展功能。

http 日志打印拦截器

restful api

通过 springboot 快速搭建一个 RestController 接口。

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.annotation.HttpLog;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.domain.User;
    
    import java.util.Random;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserApi {
    
        @GetMapping("/log/{id}")
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfo(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                             @RequestParam("age") int age){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setUsername(String.valueOf(new Random().nextLong()));
            user.setAge(age);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/log/pwd/{id}")
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfoWithPwd(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                                    @RequestHeader("username") String username,
                                                    @RequestHeader("password") String password){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setUsername(username);
            user.setPassword(password);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/log/pwdExcludeResponse/{id}")
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfoWithPwd(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                                    @RequestParam("age") int age,
                                                    @RequestHeader("password") String password){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setPassword(password);
            user.setAge(age);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
    }
​

切面选择

一般教程会选择拦截所有 http 请求，并打印 request.parameters。但是存在问题：

  1. 不够灵活，部分参数不想打印，如文件数据（过大）、敏感数据（身份证）等。
  2. 显式的标注日志输出，避免给维护人员造成疑惑。
  3. 部分参数通过 header 传输

因此，自定义日志输出 @annotation HttpLog

    @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface HttpLog {
        /**
         * 忽略参数，避免文件or无意义参数打印
         *
         * @return 忽略参数数组
         */
        String[] exclude() default {};
    
        /**
         * 需要打印的header参数
         *
         * @return header参数名数组
         */
        String[] headerParams() default {};
    
        boolean ignoreResponse() default false;
    }
​

获取 HttpServletRequest

spring 通过 ThreadLocal 持有 request 参数。

    private HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
       RequestAttributes ra = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
       ServletRequestAttributes sra = (ServletRequestAttributes) ra;
       return sra.getRequest();
    }
​

获取 uri

根据拦截规则不同，getServletPath()和 request.getPathInfo()可能为空，简单的做一次健壮性判断。

    private String getRequestPath(HttpServletRequest request) {
       return (null != request.getServletPath() && request.getServletPath().length() > 0)
               ? request.getServletPath() : request.getPathInfo();
    
    }
​

aop 日志输出

  1. Pointcut 自定义 @annotation HttpLog
  2. 拿到 @annotation，读取自定义属性，如忽略 response、打印 headers 等
  3. 遍历 request & headers 中需打印参数
  4. 定制日志格式并打印 log
  5. 拦截返回值并打印 log

Aspect 代码如下

    import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
    import org.aspectj.lang.Signature;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
    import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
    import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint;
    import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
    import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
    import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.annotation.HttpLog;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.api.RestApiResponse;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Optional;
    
    @Aspect
    public class HttpLogAspect {
    
        private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpLogAspect.class);
    
        @Pointcut("@annotation(wang.crick.study.httplog.annotation.HttpLog)")
        public void logAnnotation() {
        }
    
        private Optional<HttpLog> getLogAnnotation(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            if (joinPoint instanceof MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint) {
                Signature signature = joinPoint.getSignature();
                if (signature instanceof MethodSignature) {
                    MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) signature;
                    Method method = methodSignature.getMethod();
                    if (method.isAnnotationPresent(HttpLog.class)) {
                        return Optional.of(method.getAnnotation(HttpLog.class));
                    }
                }
            }
            return Optional.empty();
        }
    
        private HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
            RequestAttributes ra = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
            ServletRequestAttributes sra = (ServletRequestAttributes) ra;
            return sra.getRequest();
        }
    
        private String getRequestPath(HttpServletRequest request) {
            return (null != request.getServletPath() && request.getServletPath().length() > 0)
                    ? request.getServletPath() : request.getPathInfo();
    
        }
    
        @Before("logAnnotation()")
        public void requestLog(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            try {
                Optional<HttpLog> httpLog = getLogAnnotation(joinPoint);
                httpLog.ifPresent(anno -> {
                    HttpServletRequest request = getRequest();
                    List<String> excludes = Arrays.asList(anno.exclude());
                    List<Object> params = new ArrayList<>();
                    StringBuilder logMsg = new StringBuilder();
                    logMsg.append("REQUEST_LOG. sessionId:{}. ")
                            .append("requestUrl: ")
                            .append(getRequestPath(request))
                            .append(" -PARAMS- ");
                    params.add(request.getSession().getId());
                    request.getParameterMap().forEach((k, v) -> {
                        if (!excludes.contains(k)) {
                            logMsg.append(k).append(": {}, ");
                            params.add(v);
                        }
                    });
                    if (anno.headerParams().length > 0) {
                        logMsg.append(" -HEADER_PARAMS- ");
                        Arrays.asList(anno.headerParams()).forEach(param -> {
                            logMsg.append(param).append(": {}, ");
                            params.add(request.getHeader(param));
                        });
                    }
                    log.info(logMsg.toString(), params.toArray());
                });
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                log.warn("print request log fail!", ignore);
            }
        }
    
    
        @AfterReturning(returning = "restApiResponse", pointcut = "logAnnotation()")
        public void response(JoinPoint joinPoint, RestApiResponse restApiResponse) {
            try {
                Optional<HttpLog> httpLog = getLogAnnotation(joinPoint);
                httpLog.ifPresent(anno -> {
                    if (!anno.ignoreResponse()) {
                        log.info("RESPONSE_LOG. sessionId:{}. result:{}", getRequest().getSession().getId(), restApiResponse);
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                log.warn("print response log fail!", ignore);
            }
        }
    
    }
​

使用

在 RestController 中增加自定义注解 HttpLog

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.annotation.HttpLog;
    import wang.crick.study.httplog.domain.User;
    
    import java.util.Random;
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserApi {
    
    
        /**
         * curl -H 'username:12b4' -H 'password:34ndd' -v 'http://localhost:8080/user/log/123?age=32'
         */
        @GetMapping("/log/{id}")
        @HttpLog()
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfo(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                             @RequestParam("age") int age){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setUsername(String.valueOf(new Random().nextLong()));
            user.setAge(age);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
        /**
         * curl -H 'username:12b4' -H 'password:34ndd' -v 'http://localhost:8080/user/log/pwd/123?age=32'
         */
        @GetMapping("/log/pwd/{id}")
        @HttpLog(headerParams="password")
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfoWithPwd(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                                    @RequestHeader("username") String username,
                                                    @RequestHeader("password") String password){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setUsername(username);
            user.setPassword(password);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
        /**
         * curl -H 'username:12b4' -H 'password:34ndd' -v 'http://localhost:8080/user/log/pwdExcludeResponse/123?age=32'
         */
        @GetMapping("/log/pwdExcludeResponse/{id}")
        @HttpLog(headerParams="username", ignoreResponse = true)
        public RestApiResponse<User> getInfoWithPwd(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                                                    @RequestParam("age") int age,
                                                    @RequestHeader("password") String password){
            User user = new User();
            user.setId(id);
            user.setPassword(password);
            user.setAge(age);
            return RestApiResponse.success(user);
        }
    
    }
​

加载 HttpLogAspect 对象

可以在 @SpringBootApplication 类下直接加在，也可以在 HttpLogAspect 中增加 @Component 注解，推荐前者，更清晰。不需要增加 @EnableAspectJAutoProxy 类 (注:1)

    @Bean
    public HttpLogAspect httpLogAspect(){
    	return new HttpLogAspect();
    }
​

启动容器并访问

header 参数可以通过 curl 验证。(注:2)

测试

可测试的代码才是好代码。所以其实我没写过几行好代码。。。

日志输出到控制台，可以通过获取控制台中内容进行 contains 验证

获取控制台输出字符

    ByteArrayOutputStream outContent = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    System.setOut(new PrintStream(outContent));
​

执行 request 请求

基于 spring test 提供的 mockMvc 方法，测试代码如下：

    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
    import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
    
    import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
    import java.io.PrintStream;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
    
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class UserApiTest {
    
        private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
        @Autowired
        private UserApi userApi;
    
        @Autowired
        private WebApplicationContext context;
    
        private ByteArrayOutputStream outContent;
        private int userId = new Random().nextInt(10);
        private int age = new Random().nextInt(10);
        private long username = new Random().nextLong();
        private long password = new Random().nextLong();
    
        @Before
        public void setup() {
            // 坚挺控制台输出
            outContent = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            System.setOut(new PrintStream(outContent));
    
            //项目拦截器有效
            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context).build();
            //单个类，拦截器无效
            // mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSteup(userApi).build();
        }
    
    
        @Test
        public void test_log() throws Exception {
            String path = "/user/log/" + userId;
            String uri = path + "?age=" + age;
            RequestBuilder request = MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri)
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
    
            mockMvc.perform(request).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
            String console = outContent.toString();
            assertTrue(console.contains("REQUEST_LOG"));
            assertFalse(console.contains("HEADER_PARAMS"));
            assertTrue(console.contains("RESPONSE_LOG"));
            assertTrue(console.contains(path));
            assertTrue(console.contains(String.valueOf(age)));
            assertFalse(console.contains(String.valueOf(username)));
            assertFalse(console.contains(String.valueOf(password)));
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_log_header() throws Exception {
            String path = "/user/log/pwd/" + userId;
            String uri = path + "?age=" + age;
            RequestBuilder request = MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri)
                    .header("username", username)
                    .header("password", password)
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
    
            mockMvc.perform(request).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
    
            String console = outContent.toString();
            assertTrue(console.contains("REQUEST_LOG"));
            assertTrue(console.contains("HEADER_PARAMS"));
            assertTrue(console.contains("RESPONSE_LOG"));
            assertTrue(console.contains(path));
            assertTrue(console.contains(String.valueOf(age)));
            assertFalse(console.contains(String.valueOf(username)));
            assertTrue(console.contains(String.valueOf(password)));
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test_log_header_excludeResponse() throws Exception {
            String path = "/user/log/pwdExcludeResponse/" + userId;
            String uri = path + "?age=" + age;
            RequestBuilder request = MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri)
                    .header("username", username)
                    .header("password", password)
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
    
            mockMvc.perform(request).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
    
            String console = outContent.toString();
            assertTrue(console.contains("REQUEST_LOG"));
            assertTrue(console.contains("HEADER_PARAMS"));
            assertFalse(console.contains("RESPONSE_LOG"));
            assertTrue(console.contains(path));
            assertTrue(console.contains(String.valueOf(age)));
            assertTrue(console.contains(String.valueOf(username)));
            assertFalse(console.contains(String.valueOf(password)));
        }
    
    }
​

注:1 @EnableAspectJAutoProxy

注:2 curl 增加 header 参数

curl -H 'username:123' -H 'password:345'
​

升级版

  1. 增加了耗时统计
  2. traceId 用于追踪，避免参数日志重复打印
  3. 增加异常捕获 log
    @Aspect
    public class HttpLogAspect {
    
        private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpLogAspect.class);
    
        @Pointcut("@annotation(wang.crick.study.httplog.annotation.HttpLog)")
        public void logAnnotation() {
        }
    
        private ThreadLocal<Long> startTimeThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
        private ThreadLocal<String> traceIdThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
    
        private Optional<HttpLog> getLogAnnotation(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            if (joinPoint instanceof MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint) {
                Signature signature = joinPoint.getSignature();
                if (signature instanceof MethodSignature) {
                    MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) signature;
                    Method method = methodSignature.getMethod();
                    if (method.isAnnotationPresent(HttpLog.class)) {
                        return Optional.of(method.getAnnotation(HttpLog.class));
                    }
                }
            }
            return Optional.empty();
        }
    
        private HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
            RequestAttributes ra = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
            ServletRequestAttributes sra = (ServletRequestAttributes) ra;
            return sra.getRequest();
        }
    
        private String getRequestPath(HttpServletRequest request) {
            return (null != request.getServletPath() && request.getServletPath().length() > 0)
                    ? request.getServletPath() : request.getPathInfo();
    
        }
    
        @Before("logAnnotation()")
        public void requestLog(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            try {
                Optional<HttpLog> httpLog = getLogAnnotation(joinPoint);
                httpLog.ifPresent(anno -> {
                    HttpServletRequest request = getRequest();
                    traceIdThreadLocal.set(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
                    startTimeThreadLocal.set(System.currentTimeMillis());
                    List<String> excludes = Arrays.asList(anno.exclude());
                    List<Object> params = new ArrayList<>();
                    StringBuilder logMsg = new StringBuilder();
                    logMsg.append("REQUEST_LOG. traceId:{}. ")
                            .append("requestUrl: ")
                            .append(getRequestPath(request))
                            .append(" -PARAMS- ");
                    params.add(traceIdThreadLocal.get());
                    request.getParameterMap().forEach((k, v) -> {
                        if (!excludes.contains(k)) {
                            logMsg.append(k).append(": {}, ");
                            params.add(v);
                        }
                    });
                    if (anno.headerParams().length > 0) {
                        logMsg.append(" -HEADER_PARAMS- ");
                        Arrays.asList(anno.headerParams()).forEach(param -> {
                            logMsg.append(param).append(": {}, ");
                            params.add(request.getHeader(param));
                        });
                    }
                    log.info(logMsg.toString(), params.toArray());
                });
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                log.warn("print request log fail!", ignore);
            }
        }
    
        @AfterReturning(returning = "restApiResponse", pointcut = "logAnnotation()")
        public void response(JoinPoint joinPoint, RestApiResponse restApiResponse) {
            try {
                Optional<HttpLog> httpLog = getLogAnnotation(joinPoint);
                httpLog.ifPresent(anno -> {
                    if (!anno.ignoreResponse()) {
                        log.info("RESPONSE_LOG. traceId:{}, result:{}, cost:{}",
                                traceIdThreadLocal.get(), restApiResponse, System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeThreadLocal.get());
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                log.warn("print response log fail!", ignore);
            }
        }
    
        @AfterThrowing(throwing = "e", pointcut = "logAnnotation()")
        public void throwing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception e) {
            try {
                Optional<HttpLog> httpLog = getLogAnnotation(joinPoint);
                httpLog.ifPresent(anno -> {
                    if (!anno.ignoreResponse()) {
                        log.info("ERROR_LOG. traceId:{}, cost:{}",
                                traceIdThreadLocal.get(), System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeThreadLocal.get(), e);
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
                log.warn("print error log fail!", ignore);
            }
        }
    
    }
​
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  • eddy •

    为什么要用切面，用 @ControllerAdvice 更方便更好。

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  • crick77 • via macOS
    作者

    @ControllerAdvice 常用来处理异常，偶尔增加参数绑定，没用过打印 log。 倒是用过 interceptor

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