因为有时候手写 api 文档会比较麻烦或者跟前端的交互不是很及时,所以这里推荐了个好玩的工具 Swagger 来实现自动生成接口文档。
想要了解 Swagger 的可以去 Swagger 官网: https://swagger.io/ ,这里不作介绍, 只是记录如何用 SpringBoot 整合 Swagger2 来直接生成接口文档。
demo 示例:
1.新建一个 Spring Boot 工程,在 pom.xml 中引入依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.springfox/springfox-swagger2 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.springfox/springfox-swagger-ui --> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency>
2.新建两个 pojo 类:
public class JsonResult { private String status = null; private Object result = null; //...对应的Get Set函数 } public class User { private int id; private String username; private int age; private Date ctm; //...对应的Get Set函数 }
3.编写 Swagger 配置类:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; /** * Swagger2配置类 */ @Configuration public class Swagger2Config { @Bean public Docket createRestApi() { return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.wx.controller")) //指定控制器类的包,这里一定要写正确,不然生成的文档扫描不到接口 .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build(); } private ApiInfo apiInfo() { return new ApiInfoBuilder() .title("SpringBoot利用Swagger2构建api文档") .description("restful风格") .termsOfServiceUrl("http://www.honeybee.top") .version("1.0") .build(); } }
4.编写测试接口:
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.wx.pojo.JsonResult; import com.wx.pojo.User; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import springfox.documentation.annotations.ApiIgnore; @RestController public class UserController { // 创建线程安全的Map static Map<Integer, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Integer, User>()); /** * 根据ID查询用户 * @param id * @return */ @ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据url的id来获取用户详细信息") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Integer", paramType = "path") @RequestMapping(value = "user/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity<JsonResult> getUserById (@PathVariable(value = "id") Integer id){ JsonResult r = new JsonResult(); try { User user = users.get(id); r.setResult(user); r.setStatus("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { r.setResult(e.getClass().getName() + ":" + e.getMessage()); r.setStatus("error"); e.printStackTrace(); } return ResponseEntity.ok(r); } /** * 查询用户列表 * @return */ @ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="获取用户列表") @RequestMapping(value = "users", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity<JsonResult> getUserList (){ JsonResult r = new JsonResult(); try { List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>(users.values()); r.setResult(userList); r.setStatus("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { r.setResult(e.getClass().getName() + ":" + e.getMessage()); r.setStatus("error"); e.printStackTrace(); } return ResponseEntity.ok(r); } /** * 添加用户 * @param user * @return */ @ApiOperation(value="创建用户", notes="根据User对象创建用户") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true, dataType = "User") @RequestMapping(value = "user", method = RequestMethod.POST) public ResponseEntity<JsonResult> add (@RequestBody User user){ JsonResult r = new JsonResult(); try { users.put(user.getId(), user); r.setResult(user.getId()); r.setStatus("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { r.setResult(e.getClass().getName() + ":" + e.getMessage()); r.setStatus("error"); e.printStackTrace(); } return ResponseEntity.ok(r); } /** * 根据id删除用户 * @param id * @return */ @ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据url的id来指定删除用户") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path") @RequestMapping(value = "user/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE) public ResponseEntity<JsonResult> delete (@PathVariable(value = "id") Integer id){ JsonResult r = new JsonResult(); try { users.remove(id); r.setResult(id); r.setStatus("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { r.setResult(e.getClass().getName() + ":" + e.getMessage()); r.setStatus("error"); e.printStackTrace(); } return ResponseEntity.ok(r); } /** * 根据id修改用户信息 * @param user * @return */ @ApiOperation(value="更新信息", notes="根据url的id来指定更新用户信息") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long",paramType = "path"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户实体user", required = true, dataType = "User") }) @RequestMapping(value = "user/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT) public ResponseEntity<JsonResult> update (@PathVariable("id") Integer id, @RequestBody User user){ JsonResult r = new JsonResult(); try { User u = users.get(id); u.setUsername(user.getUsername()); u.setAge(user.getAge()); users.put(id, u); r.setResult(u); r.setStatus("ok"); } catch (Exception e) { r.setResult(e.getClass().getName() + ":" + e.getMessage()); r.setStatus("error"); e.printStackTrace(); } return ResponseEntity.ok(r); } @ApiIgnore //使用该注解忽略这个API @RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String jsonTest() { return " hi you!"; } }
注解说明:
@Api:修饰整个类,描述 Controller 的作用
@ApiOperation:描述一个类的一个方法,或者说一个接口
@ApiParam:单个参数描述
@ApiModel:用对象来接收参数
@ApiProperty:用对象接收参数时,描述对象的一个字段
@ApiResponse:HTTP 响应其中 1 个描述
@ApiResponses:HTTP 响应整体描述
@ApiIgnore:使用该注解忽略这个 API
@ApiError :发生错误返回的信息
@ApiImplicitParam:一个请求参数
@ApiImplicitParams:多个请求参数
5.启动类配置:
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; @SpringBootApplication @EnableSwagger2 //开启Swagger2 public class Swagger2DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Swagger2DemoApplication.class, args); } }
6.测试结果:
启动项目, 访问 http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
截图如下:
好了,有兴趣的小伙伴们可以自己动手去试试啦...
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