前端时空 - 手把手教你搞定 vue-cli4 配置

本贴最后更新于 1673 天前,其中的信息可能已经物是人非

作者:staven630

小编:前端老王

项目:github.com/staven630/v…

细致全面的 vue-cli4 配置信息。涵盖了使用 vue-cli 开发过程中大部分配置需求。

目录

✅ 配置多环境变量

  通过在 package.json 里的 scripts 配置项中添加--mode xxx 来选择不同环境

  只有以 VUE_APP 开头的变量会被 webpack.DefinePlugin 静态嵌入到客户端侧的包中,代码中可以通过 process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API 访问

  NODE_ENV 和 BASE_URL 是两个特殊变量,在代码中始终可用

配置

  在项目根目录中新建.env, .env.production, .env.analyz 等文件

  • .env

  serve 默认的本地开发环境配置


NODE_ENV = "development"

BASE_URL = "./"

VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "./"

VUE_APP_API = "https://test.staven630.com/api"复制代码

  • .env.production

  build 默认的环境配置(正式服务器)


NODE_ENV = "production"

BASE_URL = "https://prod.staven630.com/"

VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "https://prod.oss.com/staven-blog"

VUE_APP_API = "https://prod.staven630.com/api"


ACCESS_KEY_ID = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"

ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"

REGION = "oss-cn-hangzhou"

BUCKET = "staven-prod"

PREFIX = "staven-blog"复制代码

  • .env.crm

  自定义 build 环境配置(预发服务器)


NODE_ENV = "production"

BASE_URL = "https://crm.staven630.com/"

VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "https://crm.oss.com/staven-blog"

VUE_APP_API = "https://crm.staven630.com/api"


ACCESS_KEY_ID = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"

ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"

REGION = "oss-cn-hangzhou"

BUCKET = "staven-crm"

PREFIX = "staven-blog"


IS_ANALYZE = true;复制代码

  修改 package.json


"scripts": {

  "build": "vue-cli-service build",

  "crm": "vue-cli-service build --mode crm"

}复制代码

使用环境变量

<template>

  <div class="home">

    <!-- template中使用环境变量 -->

     API: {{ api }}

  </div>

</template>


<script>

export default {

  name: "home",

  data() {

    return {

      api: process.env.VUE_APP_API

    };

  },

  mounted() {

    // js代码中使用环境变量

    console.log("BASE_URL: ", process.env.BASE_URL);

    console.log("VUE_APP_API: ", process.env.VUE_APP_API);

  }

};

</script>复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 配置基础 vue.config.js


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", // 默认'/',部署应用包时的基本 URL

  // outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录

  // assetsDir: "", // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录

  lintOnSave: false,

  runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本

  productionSourceMap: !IS_PROD, // 生产环境的 source map

  parallel: require("os").cpus().length > 1,

  pwa: {}

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 配置 proxy 代理解决跨域问题

  假设 mock 接口为 www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b…


module.exports = {

  devServer: {

    // overlay: { // 让浏览器 overlay 同时显示警告和错误

    //   warnings: true,

    //   errors: true

    // },

    // open: false, // 是否打开浏览器

    // host: "localhost",

    // port: "8080", // 代理断就

    // https: false,

    // hotOnly: false, // 热更新

    proxy: {

      "/api": {

        target:

          "https://www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b55dc36971c160cad1b/sheets", // 目标代理接口地址

        secure: false,

        changeOrigin: true, // 开启代理,在本地创建一个虚拟服务端

        // ws: true, // 是否启用websockets

        pathRewrite: {

          "^/api": "/"

        }

      }

    }

  }

};复制代码

  访问


<script>

import axios from "axios";

export default {

  mounted() {

    axios.get("/api/1").then(res => {

      console.log('proxy:', res);

    });

  }

};

</script>复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 修复 HMR(热更新)失效

  如果热更新失效,如下操作:


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 修复HMR

    config.resolve.symlinks(true);

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 修复 Lazy loading routes Error: Cyclic dependency Issue #1669 · vuejs/vue-cli


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 如果使用多页面打包,使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中

    config.plugin("html").tap(args => {

      // 修复 Lazy loading routes Error

      args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";

      return args;

    });

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 添加别名 alias


const path = require("path");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 添加别名

    config.resolve.alias

      .set("vue$", "vue/dist/vue.esm.js")

      .set("@", resolve("src"))

      .set("@assets", resolve("src/assets"))

      .set("@scss", resolve("src/assets/scss"))

      .set("@components", resolve("src/components"))

      .set("@plugins", resolve("src/plugins"))

      .set("@views", resolve("src/views"))

      .set("@router", resolve("src/router"))

      .set("@store", resolve("src/store"))

      .set("@layouts", resolve("src/layouts"))

      .set("@static", resolve("src/static"));

  }

};复制代码

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✅ 压缩图片


npm i -D image-webpack-loader复制代码

  在某些版本的 OSX 上安装可能会因缺少 libpng 依赖项而引发错误。可以通过安装最新版本的 libpng 来解决。


brew install libpng复制代码


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    if (IS_PROD) {

      config.module

        .rule("images")

        .use("image-webpack-loader")

        .loader("image-webpack-loader")

        .options({

          mozjpeg: { progressive: true, quality: 65 },

          optipng: { enabled: false },

          pngquant: { quality: [0.65, 0.9], speed: 4 },

          gifsicle: { interlaced: false }

          // webp: { quality: 75 }

        });

    }

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 自动生成雪碧图

  默认 src/assets/icons 中存放需要生成雪碧图的 png 文件。首次运行 npm run serve/build 会生成雪碧图,并在跟目录生成 icons.json 文件。再次运行命令时,会对比 icons 目录内文件与 icons.json 的匹配关系,确定是否需要再次执行 webpack-spritesmith 插件。


npm i -D webpack-spritesmith复制代码


let has_sprite = true;

let files = [];

const icons = {};


try {

  fs.statSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

  files = fs.readdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

  files.forEach(item => {

    let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");

    icons[filename] = true;

  });


} catch (error) {

  fs.mkdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

}


if (!files.length) {

  has_sprite = false;

} else {

  try {

    let iconsObj = fs.readFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), "utf8");

    iconsObj = JSON.parse(iconsObj);

    has_sprite = files.some(item => {

      let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");

      return !iconsObj[filename];

    });

    if (has_sprite) {

      fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));

    }

  } catch (error) {

    fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));

    has_sprite = true;

  }

}


// 雪碧图样式处理模板

const SpritesmithTemplate = function(data) {

  // pc

  let icons = {};

  let tpl = `.ico { 

  display: inline-block; 

  background-image: url(${data.sprites[0].image}); 

  background-size: ${data.spritesheet.width}px ${data.spritesheet.height}px; 

}`;


  data.sprites.forEach(sprite => {

    const name = "" + sprite.name.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");

    icons[`${name}.png`] = true;

    tpl = `${tpl} 

.ico-${name}{

  width: ${sprite.width}px; 

  height: ${sprite.height}px; 

  background-position: ${sprite.offset_x}px ${sprite.offset_y}px;

}

`;

  });

  return tpl;

};


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (has_sprite) {

      plugins.push(

        new SpritesmithPlugin({

          src: {

            cwd: path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/icons/"), // 图标根路径

            glob: "**/*.png" // 匹配任意 png 图标

          },

          target: {

            image: path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/images/sprites.png"), // 生成雪碧图目标路径与名称

            // 设置生成CSS背景及其定位的文件或方式

            css: [

              [

                path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/scss/sprites.scss"),

                {

                  format: "function_based_template"

                }

              ]

            ]

          },

          customTemplates: {

            function_based_template: SpritesmithTemplate

          },

          apiOptions: {

            cssImageRef: "../images/sprites.png" // css文件中引用雪碧图的相对位置路径配置

          },

          spritesmithOptions: {

            padding: 2

          }

        })

      );

    }


    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ SVG 转 font 字体


npm i -D svgtofont复制代码

  根目录新增 scripts 目录,并新建 svg2font.js 文件:


const svgtofont = require("svgtofont");

const path = require("path");

const pkg = require("../package.json");


svgtofont({

  src: path.resolve(process.cwd(), "src/assets/svg"), // svg 图标目录路径

  dist: path.resolve(process.cwd(), "src/assets/fonts"), // 输出到指定目录中

  fontName: "icon", // 设置字体名称

  css: true, // 生成字体文件

  startNumber: 20000, // unicode起始编号

  svgicons2svgfont: {

    fontHeight: 1000,

    normalize: true

  },

  // website = null, 没有演示html文件

  website: {

    title: "icon",

    logo: "",

    version: pkg.version,

    meta: {

      description: "",

      keywords: ""

    },

    description: ``,

    links: [

      {

        title: "Font Class",

        url: "index.html"

      },

      {

        title: "Unicode",

        url: "unicode.html"

      }

    ],

    footerInfo: ``

  }

}).then(() => {

  console.log("done!");

});复制代码

  添加 package.json scripts 配置:


"prebuild": "npm run font",

"font": "node scripts/svg2font.js",复制代码

  执行:


npm run font复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 使用 SVG 组件


npm i -D svg-sprite-loader复制代码

  新增 SvgIcon 组件。


<template>

  <svg class="svg-icon"

       aria-hidden="true">

    <use :xlink:href="iconName" />

  </svg>

</template>


<script>

export default {

  name: 'SvgIcon',

  props: {

    iconClass: {

      type: String,

      required: true

    }

  },

  computed: {

    iconName() {

      return `#icon-${this.iconClass}`

    }

  }

}

</script>


<style scoped>

.svg-icon {

  width: 1em;

  height: 1em;

  vertical-align: -0.15em;

  fill: currentColor;

  overflow: hidden;

}

</style>复制代码

  在 src 文件夹中创建 icons 文件夹。icons 文件夹中新增 svg 文件夹(用来存放 svg 文件)与 index.js 文件:


import SvgIcon from "@/components/SvgIcon";

import Vue from "vue";


// 注册到全局

Vue.component("svg-icon", SvgIcon);


const requireAll = requireContext => requireContext.keys().map(requireContext);

const req = require.context("./svg", false, /\.svg$/);

requireAll(req);复制代码

  在 main.js 中导入 icons/index.js


import "@/icons";复制代码

  修改 vue.config.js


const path = require("path");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    const svgRule = config.module.rule("svg");

    svgRule.uses.clear();

    svgRule.exclude.add(/node_modules/);

    svgRule

      .test(/\.svg$/)

      .use("svg-sprite-loader")

      .loader("svg-sprite-loader")

      .options({

        symbolId: "icon-[name]"

      });


    const imagesRule = config.module.rule("images");

    imagesRule.exclude.add(resolve("src/icons"));

    config.module.rule("images").test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/);

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 去除多余无效的 css

  注:谨慎使用。可能出现各种样式丢失现象。

  • 方案一:@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss

npm i -D postcss-import @fullhuman/postcss-purgecss复制代码

  更新 postcss.config.js


const autoprefixer = require("autoprefixer");

const postcssImport = require("postcss-import");

const purgecss = require("@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss");

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);

let plugins = [];

if (IS_PROD) {

  plugins.push(postcssImport);

  plugins.push(

    purgecss({

      content: [

        "./layouts/**/*.vue",

        "./components/**/*.vue",

        "./pages/**/*.vue"

      ],

      extractors: [

        {

          extractor: class Extractor {

            static extract(content) {

              const validSection = content.replace(

                /<style([\s\S]*?)<\/style>+/gim,

                ""

              );

              return (

                validSection.match(/[A-Za-z0-9-_/:]*[A-Za-z0-9-_/]+/g) || []

              );

            }

          },

          extensions: ["html", "vue"]

        }

      ],

      whitelist: ["html", "body"],

      whitelistPatterns: [

        /el-.*/,

        /-(leave|enter|appear)(|-(to|from|active))$/,

        /^(?!cursor-move).+-move$/,

        /^router-link(|-exact)-active$/

      ],

      whitelistPatternsChildren: [/^token/, /^pre/, /^code/]

    })

  );

}

module.exports = {

  plugins: [...plugins, autoprefixer]

};复制代码

  • 方案二:purgecss-webpack-plugin

npm i -D glob-all purgecss-webpack-plugin复制代码


const path = require("path");

const glob = require("glob-all");

const PurgecssPlugin = require("purgecss-webpack-plugin");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (IS_PROD) {

      plugins.push(

        new PurgecssPlugin({

          paths: glob.sync([resolve("./**/*.vue")]),

          extractors: [

            {

              extractor: class Extractor {

                static extract(content) {

                  const validSection = content.replace(

                    /<style([\s\S]*?)<\/style>+/gim,

                    ""

                  );

                  return (

                    validSection.match(/[A-Za-z0-9-_/:]*[A-Za-z0-9-_/]+/g) || []

                  );

                }

              },

              extensions: ["html", "vue"]

            }

          ],

          whitelist: ["html", "body"],

          whitelistPatterns: [

            /el-.*/,

            /-(leave|enter|appear)(|-(to|from|active))$/,

            /^(?!cursor-move).+-move$/,

            /^router-link(|-exact)-active$/

          ],

          whitelistPatternsChildren: [/^token/, /^pre/, /^code/]

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 添加打包分析


const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")

  .BundleAnalyzerPlugin;


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 打包分析

    if (IS_PROD) {

      config.plugin("webpack-report").use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [

        {

          analyzerMode: "static"

        }

      ]);

    }

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 配置 externals 引入 cdn 资源

  防止将某些 import 的包(package)打包到 bundle 中,而是在运行时(runtime)再去从外部获取这些扩展依赖


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    config.externals = {

      vue: "Vue",

      "element-ui": "ELEMENT",

      "vue-router": "VueRouter",

      vuex: "Vuex",

      axios: "axios"

    };

  },

  chainWebpack: config => {

    const cdn = {

      // 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本

      css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],

      js: [

        "//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本

        "//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"

      ]

    };


    // 如果使用多页面打包,使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中

    config.plugin("html").tap(args => {

      // html中添加cdn

      args[0].cdn = cdn;

      return args;

    });

  }

};复制代码

  在 html 中添加


<!-- 使用CDN的CSS文件 -->

<% for (var i in htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn &&

htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.css) { %>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.css[i] %>" />

<% } %>


<!-- 使用CDN的JS文件 -->

<% for (var i in htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn &&

htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.js) { %>

<script

  type="text/javascript"

  src="<%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.js[i] %>"

></script>

<% } %>

复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 多页面打包 multi-page

  多入口页面打包,建议在 src 目录下新建 pages 目录存放多页面模块。

  • pages.config.js

   配置多页面信息。src/main.js 文件对应 main 字段,其他根据参照 pages 为根路径为字段。如下:


module.exports = {

  'admin': {

    template: 'public/index.html',

    filename: 'admin.html',

    title: '后台管理',

  },

  'mobile': {

    template: 'public/index.html',

    filename: 'mobile.html',

    title: '移动端',

  },

  'pc/crm': {

    template: 'public/index.html',

    filename: 'pc-crm.html',

    title: '预发服务',

  }

}复制代码

  • vue.config.js

  vue.config.js 的 pages 字段为多页面提供配置


const glob = require("glob");

const pagesInfo = require("./pages.config");

const pages = {};


glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {

  let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];

  const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];

  if (curr) {

    pages[chunk] = {

      entry,

      ...curr,

      chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]

    }

  }

})


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 防止多页面打包卡顿

    config => config.plugins.delete("named-chunks");


    return config;

  },

  pages

};复制代码

  如果多页面打包需要使用 CDN,使用 vue inspect --plugins 查看 html 是否在结果数组中的形式。上例中 plugins 列表中存在'html-main','html-pages/admin','html-pages/mobile', 没有'html'。因此不能再使用 config.plugin("html")。


const path = require("path");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


const glob = require("glob");

const pagesInfo = require("./pages.config");

const pages = {};


glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {

  let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];

  const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];

  if (curr) {

    pages[chunk] = {

      entry,

      ...curr,

      chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]

    }

  }

});


module.exports = {

  publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", //

  configureWebpack: config => {

    config.externals = {

      vue: "Vue",

      "element-ui": "ELEMENT",

      "vue-router": "VueRouter",

      vuex: "Vuex",

      axios: "axios"

    };

  },

  chainWebpack: config => {

    const cdn = {

      // 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本

      css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],

      js: [

        "//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本

        "//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"

      ]

    };


    // 防止多页面打包卡顿

    config => config.plugins.delete("named-chunks");


    // 多页面cdn添加

    Object.keys(pagesInfo).forEach(page => {

      config.plugin(`html-${page}`).tap(args => {

        // html中添加cdn

        args[0].cdn = cdn;


        // 修复 Lazy loading routes Error

        args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";

        return args;

      });

    });

    return config;

  },

  pages

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 删除 moment 语言包

  删除 moment 除 zh-cn 中文包外的其它语言包,无需在代码中手动引入 zh-cn 语言包。


const webpack = require("webpack");


module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    config

      .plugin("ignore")

      .use(

        new webpack.ContextReplacementPlugin(/moment[/\\]locale$/, /zh-cn$/)

      );


    return config;

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 去掉 console.log

方法一:使用 babel-plugin-transform-remove-console 插件

npm i -D babel-plugin-transform-remove-console复制代码

在 babel.config.js 中配置


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


const plugins = [];

if (IS_PROD) {

  plugins.push("transform-remove-console");

}


module.exports = {

  presets: ["@vue/app", { useBuiltIns: "entry" }],

  plugins

};

复制代码

方法二:

const UglifyJsPlugin = require("uglifyjs-webpack-plugin");

module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    if (IS_PROD) {

      const plugins = [];

      plugins.push(

        new UglifyJsPlugin({

          uglifyOptions: {

            compress: {

              warnings: false,

              drop_console: true,

              drop_debugger: false,

              pure_funcs: ["console.log"] //移除console

            }

          },

          sourceMap: false,

          parallel: true

        })

      );

      config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

    }

  }

};复制代码

  如果使用 uglifyjs-webpack-plugin 会报错,可能存在 node_modules 中有些依赖需要 babel 转译。

  而 vue-cli 的 transpileDependencies 配置默认为[], babel-loader 会忽略所有 node_modules 中的文件。如果你想要通过 Babel 显式转译一个依赖,可以在这个选项中列出来。配置需要转译的第三方库。

▲ 回顶部

利用 splitChunks 单独打包第三方模块


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    if (IS_PROD) {

      config.optimization = {

        splitChunks: {

          cacheGroups: {

            common: {

              name: "chunk-common",

              chunks: "initial",

              minChunks: 2,

              maxInitialRequests: 5,

              minSize: 0,

              priority: 1,

              reuseExistingChunk: true,

              enforce: true

            },

            vendors: {

              name: "chunk-vendors",

              test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/,

              chunks: "initial",

              priority: 2,

              reuseExistingChunk: true,

              enforce: true

            },

            elementUI: {

              name: "chunk-elementui",

              test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]element-ui[\\/]/,

              chunks: "all",

              priority: 3,

              reuseExistingChunk: true,

              enforce: true

            },

            echarts: {

              name: "chunk-echarts",

              test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/](vue-)?echarts[\\/]/,

              chunks: "all",

              priority: 4,

              reuseExistingChunk: true,

              enforce: true

            }

          }

        }

      };

    }

  },

  chainWebpack: config => {

    if (IS_PROD) {

      config.optimization.delete("splitChunks");

    }

    return config;

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 开启 gzip 压缩


npm i -D compression-webpack-plugin复制代码


const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);

const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (IS_PROD) {

      plugins.push(

        new CompressionWebpackPlugin({

          filename: "[path].gz[query]",

          algorithm: "gzip",

          test: productionGzipExtensions,

          threshold: 10240,

          minRatio: 0.8

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

  还可以开启比 gzip 体验更好的 Zopfli 压缩详见 webpack.js.org/plugins/com…


npm i -D @gfx/zopfli brotli-webpack-plugin复制代码


const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");

const zopfli = require("@gfx/zopfli");

const BrotliPlugin = require("brotli-webpack-plugin");


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);

const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (IS_PROD) {

      plugins.push(

        new CompressionWebpackPlugin({

          algorithm(input, compressionOptions, callback) {

            return zopfli.gzip(input, compressionOptions, callback);

          },

          compressionOptions: {

            numiterations: 15

          },

          minRatio: 0.99,

          test: productionGzipExtensions

        })

      );

      plugins.push(

        new BrotliPlugin({

          test: productionGzipExtensions,

          minRatio: 0.99

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 开启 stylelint 检测 scss, css 语法


npm i -D stylelint stylelint-config-standard stylelint-config-prettier stylelint-webpack-plugin复制代码

在文件夹创建 stylelint.config.js,详细配置在这里


module.exports = {

  ignoreFiles: ["**/*.js", "src/assets/css/element-variables.scss", "theme/"], 

  extends: ["stylelint-config-standard", "stylelint-config-prettier"],

  rules: {

    "no-empty-source": null,

    "at-rule-no-unknown": [

      true,

      {

        ignoreAtRules: ["extend"]

      }

    ]

  }

};复制代码

启用 webpack 配置


const StylelintPlugin = require("stylelint-webpack-plugin");


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (IS_DEV) {

      plugins.push(

        new StylelintPlugin({

          files: ["src/**/*.vue", "src/assets/**/*.scss"],

          fix: true //打开自动修复(谨慎使用!注意上面的配置不要加入js或html文件,会发生问题,js文件请手动修复)

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

}复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 为 sass 提供全局样式,以及全局变量

  可以通过在 main.js 中 Vue.prototype.src = process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH;挂载环境变量中的配置信息,然后在js中使用src 访问。

  css 中可以使用注入 sass 变量访问环境变量中的配置信息


const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  css: {

    extract: IS_PROD,

    sourceMap: false,

    loaderOptions: {

      scss: {

        // 向全局sass样式传入共享的全局变量, $src可以配置图片cdn前缀

        // 详情: https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/css.html#passing-options-to-pre-processor-loaders

        prependData: `

        @import "@scss/variables.scss";

        @import "@scss/mixins.scss";

        @import "@scss/function.scss";

        $src: "${process.env.VUE_APP_OSS_SRC}";

        `

      }

    }

  }

};复制代码

在 scss 中引用


.home {

  background: url($src+"/images/500.png");

}复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 为 stylus 提供全局变量


npm i -D style-resources-loader复制代码


const path = require("path");

const resolve = dir => path.resolve(__dirname, dir);

const addStylusResource = rule => {

  rule

    .use("style-resouce")

    .loader("style-resources-loader")

    .options({

      patterns: [resolve("src/assets/stylus/variable.styl")]

    });

};

module.exports = {

  chainWebpack: config => {

    const types = ["vue-modules", "vue", "normal-modules", "normal"];

    types.forEach(type =>

      addStylusResource(config.module.rule("stylus").oneOf(type))

    );

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

预渲染 prerender-spa-plugin


npm i -D prerender-spa-plugin复制代码


const PrerenderSpaPlugin = require("prerender-spa-plugin");

const path = require("path");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];

    if (IS_PROD) {

      plugins.push(

        new PrerenderSpaPlugin({

          staticDir: resolve("dist"),

          routes: ["/"],

          postProcess(ctx) {

            ctx.route = ctx.originalRoute;

            ctx.html = ctx.html.split(/>[\s]+</gim).join("><");

            if (ctx.route.endsWith(".html")) {

              ctx.outputPath = path.join(__dirname, "dist", ctx.route);

            }

            return ctx;

          },

          minify: {

            collapseBooleanAttributes: true,

            collapseWhitespace: true,

            decodeEntities: true,

            keepClosingSlash: true,

            sortAttributes: true

          },

          renderer: new PrerenderSpaPlugin.PuppeteerRenderer({

            // 需要注入一个值,这样就可以检测页面当前是否是预渲染的

            inject: {},

            headless: false,

            // 视图组件是在API请求获取所有必要数据后呈现的,因此我们在dom中存在“data view”属性后创建页面快照

            renderAfterDocumentEvent: "render-event"

          })

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

  mounted()中添加 document.dispatchEvent(new Event('render-event'))


new Vue({

  router,

  store,

  render: h => h(App),

  mounted() {

    document.dispatchEvent(new Event("render-event"));

  }

}).$mount("#app");复制代码

为自定义预渲染页面添加自定义 title、description、content
  • 删除 public/index.html 中关于 description、content 的 meta 标签。保留 title 标签
  • 配置 router-config.js

module.exports = {

  "/": {

    title: "首页",

    keywords: "首页关键词",

    description: "这是首页描述"

  },

  "/about.html": {

    title: "关于我们",

    keywords: "关于我们页面关键词",

    description: "关于我们页面关键词描述"

  }

};复制代码

  • vue.config.js

const path = require("path");

const PrerenderSpaPlugin = require("prerender-spa-plugin");

const routesConfig = require("./router-config");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


module.exports = {

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];


    if (IS_PROD) {

      // 预加载

      plugins.push(

        new PrerenderSpaPlugin({

          staticDir: resolve("dist"),

          routes: Object.keys(routesConfig),

          postProcess(ctx) {

            ctx.route = ctx.originalRoute;

            ctx.html = ctx.html.split(/>[\s]+</gim).join("><");

            ctx.html = ctx.html.replace(

              /<title>(.*?)<\/title>/gi,

              `<title>${

                routesConfig[ctx.route].title

              }</title><meta name="keywords" content="${

                routesConfig[ctx.route].keywords

              }" /><meta name="description" content="${

                routesConfig[ctx.route].description

              }" />`

            );

            if (ctx.route.endsWith(".html")) {

              ctx.outputPath = path.join(__dirname, "dist", ctx.route);

            }

            return ctx;

          },

          minify: {

            collapseBooleanAttributes: true,

            collapseWhitespace: true,

            decodeEntities: true,

            keepClosingSlash: true,

            sortAttributes: true

          },

          renderer: new PrerenderSpaPlugin.PuppeteerRenderer({

            // 需要注入一个值,这样就可以检测页面当前是否是预渲染的

            inject: {},

            headless: false,

            // 视图组件是在API请求获取所有必要数据后呈现的,因此我们在dom中存在“data view”属性后创建页面快照

            renderAfterDocumentEvent: "render-event"

          })

        })

      );

    }


    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 添加 IE 兼容


npm i -S @babel/polyfill复制代码

  在 main.js 中添加


import "@babel/polyfill";复制代码

配置 babel.config.js


const plugins = [];


module.exports = {

  presets: [["@vue/app", { useBuiltIns: "entry" }]],

  plugins: plugins

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 静态资源自动打包上传阿里 oss、华为 obs

  开启文件上传 ali oss,需要将 publicPath 改成 ali oss 资源 url 前缀,也就是修改 VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH。具体配置参见阿里 oss 插件 webpack-oss华为 obs 插件 huawei-obs-plugin


npm i -D webpack-oss复制代码


const AliOssPlugin = require("webpack-oss");

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


const format = AliOssPlugin.getFormat();


module.exports = {

  publicPath: IS_PROD ? `${process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH}/${format}` : "./", // 默认'/',部署应用包时的基本 URL

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];


    if (IS_PROD) {

      plugins.push(

        new AliOssPlugin({

          accessKeyId: process.env.ACCESS_KEY_ID,

          accessKeySecret: process.env.ACCESS_KEY_SECRET,

          region: process.env.REGION,

          bucket: process.env.BUCKET,

          prefix: process.env.PREFIX,

          exclude: /.*\.html$/,

          format

        })

      );

    }

    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  }

};复制代码

▲ 回顶部

✅ 完整配置


const SpritesmithPlugin = require("webpack-spritesmith");

const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")

  .BundleAnalyzerPlugin;

const webpack = require("webpack");


const path = require("path");

const fs = require("fs");

const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);

const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);


const glob = require('glob')

const pagesInfo = require('./pages.config')

const pages = {}


glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {

  let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];

  const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];

  if (curr) {

    pages[chunk] = {

      entry,

      ...curr,

      chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]

    }

  }

})


let has_sprite = true;

let files = [];

const icons = {};


try {

  fs.statSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

  files = fs.readdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

  files.forEach(item => {

    let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");

    icons[filename] = true;

  });


} catch (error) {

  fs.mkdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));

}


if (!files.length) {

  has_sprite = false;

} else {

  try {

    let iconsObj = fs.readFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), "utf8");

    iconsObj = JSON.parse(iconsObj);

    has_sprite = files.some(item => {

      let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");

      return !iconsObj[filename];

    });

    if (has_sprite) {

      fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));

    }

  } catch (error) {

    fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));

    has_sprite = true;

  }

}


// 雪碧图样式处理模板

const SpritesmithTemplate = function (data) {

  // pc

  let icons = {}

  let tpl = `.ico { 

  display: inline-block; 

  background-image: url(${data.sprites[0].image}); 

  background-size: ${data.spritesheet.width}px ${data.spritesheet.height}px; 

}`


  data.sprites.forEach(sprite => {

    const name = '' + sprite.name.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, '-')

    icons[`${name}.png`] = true

    tpl = `${tpl} 

.ico-${name}{

  width: ${sprite.width}px; 

  height: ${sprite.height}px; 

  background-position: ${sprite.offset_x}px ${sprite.offset_y}px;

}

`

  })

  return tpl

}


module.exports = {

  publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", // 默认'/',部署应用包时的基本 URL

  // outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录

  // assetsDir: "", // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录

  configureWebpack: config => {

    const plugins = [];


    if (has_sprite) {

      // 生成雪碧图

      plugins.push(

        new SpritesmithPlugin({

          src: {

            cwd: path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/icons/'), // 图标根路径

            glob: '**/*.png' // 匹配任意 png 图标

          },

          target: {

            image: path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/images/sprites.png'), // 生成雪碧图目标路径与名称

            // 设置生成CSS背景及其定位的文件或方式

            css: [

              [

                path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/scss/sprites.scss'),

                {

                  format: 'function_based_template'

                }

              ]

            ]

          },

          customTemplates: {

            function_based_template: SpritesmithTemplate

          },

          apiOptions: {

            cssImageRef: '../images/sprites.png' // css文件中引用雪碧图的相对位置路径配置

          },

          spritesmithOptions: {

            padding: 2

          }

        })

      )

    }


    config.externals = {

      vue: "Vue",

      "element-ui": "ELEMENT",

      "vue-router": "VueRouter",

      vuex: "Vuex",

      axios: "axios"

    };


    config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];

  },

  chainWebpack: config => {

    // 修复HMR

    config.resolve.symlinks(true);


    // config.plugins.delete('preload');

    // config.plugins.delete('prefetch');


    config

      .plugin("ignore")

      .use(

        new webpack.ContextReplacementPlugin(/moment[/\\]locale$/, /zh-cn$/)

      );


    // 添加别名

    config.resolve.alias

      .set("vue$", "vue/dist/vue.esm.js")

      .set("@", resolve("src"))

      .set("@apis", resolve("src/apis"))

      .set("@assets", resolve("src/assets"))

      .set("@scss", resolve("src/assets/scss"))

      .set("@components", resolve("src/components"))

      .set("@middlewares", resolve("src/middlewares"))

      .set("@mixins", resolve("src/mixins"))

      .set("@plugins", resolve("src/plugins"))

      .set("@router", resolve("src/router"))

      .set("@store", resolve("src/store"))

      .set("@utils", resolve("src/utils"))

      .set("@views", resolve("src/views"))

      .set("@layouts", resolve("src/layouts"));


    const cdn = {

      // 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本

      css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],

      js: [

        "//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本

        "//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",

        "//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"

      ]

    };


    // 如果使用多页面打包,使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中

    // config.plugin("html").tap(args => {

    //   // html中添加cdn

    //   args[0].cdn = cdn;


    //   // 修复 Lazy loading routes Error

    //   args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";

    //   return args;

    // });


    // 防止多页面打包卡顿

    config => config.plugins.delete('named-chunks')


    // 多页面cdn添加

    Object.keys(pagesInfo).forEach(page => {

      config.plugin(`html-${page}`).tap(args => {

        // html中添加cdn

        args[0].cdn = cdn;


        // 修复 Lazy loading routes Error

        args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";

        return args;

      });

    })


    if (IS_PROD) {

      // 压缩图片

      config.module

        .rule("images")

        .test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/)

        .use("image-webpack-loader")

        .loader("image-webpack-loader")

        .options({

          mozjpeg: { progressive: true, quality: 65 },

          optipng: { enabled: false },

          pngquant: { quality: [0.65, 0.90], speed: 4 },

          gifsicle: { interlaced: false }

        });


      // 打包分析

      config.plugin("webpack-report").use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [

        {

          analyzerMode: "static"

        }

      ]);

    }


    // 使用svg组件

    const svgRule = config.module.rule("svg");

    svgRule.uses.clear();

    svgRule.exclude.add(/node_modules/);

    svgRule

      .test(/\.svg$/)

      .use("svg-sprite-loader")

      .loader("svg-sprite-loader")

      .options({

        symbolId: "icon-[name]"

      });


    const imagesRule = config.module.rule("images");

    imagesRule.exclude.add(resolve("src/icons"));

    config.module.rule("images").test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/);


    return config;

  },

  pages,

  css: {

    extract: IS_PROD,

    sourceMap: false,

    loaderOptions: {

      scss: {

        // 向全局sass样式传入共享的全局变量, $src可以配置图片cdn前缀

        // 详情: https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/css.html#passing-options-to-pre-processor-loaders

        prependData: `

          @import "@scss/variables.scss";

          @import "@scss/mixins.scss";

          @import "@scss/function.scss";

          $src: "${process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API}";

          `

      }

    }

  },

  lintOnSave: false,

  runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本

  productionSourceMap: !IS_PROD, // 生产环境的 source map

  parallel: require("os").cpus().length > 1,

  pwa: {},

  devServer: {

    // overlay: { // 让浏览器 overlay 同时显示警告和错误

    //   warnings: true,

    //   errors: true

    // },

    // open: false, // 是否打开浏览器

    // host: "localhost",

    // port: "8080", // 代理断就

    // https: false,

    // hotOnly: false, // 热更新

    proxy: {

      "/api": {

        target:

          "https://www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b55dc36971c160cad1b/sheets", // 目标代理接口地址

        secure: false,

        changeOrigin: true, // 开启代理,在本地创建一个虚拟服务端

        // ws: true, // 是否启用websockets

        pathRewrite: {

          "^/api": "/"

        }

      }

    }

  }

};复制代码

  • Vue.js

    Vue.js(读音 /vju ː/,类似于 view)是一个构建数据驱动的 Web 界面库。Vue.js 的目标是通过尽可能简单的 API 实现响应的数据绑定和组合的视图组件。

    265 引用 • 666 回帖
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martinageradams 在 2020-05-24 11:04:36 更新了该帖

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