Resis 基本命令
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set anme wfks OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * #查看所有key 1) "anme" 2) "name" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists name #是否存在key (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists namess (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name zzz OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "zzz" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> expire name 10 #设置过期时间 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl name #查询过期剩余时间 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl name (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl name (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl name (integer) -2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
五大数据类型:
- String
- List
- Set
- Hash
- Zset
String(字符串)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> appeng name hello (error) ERR unknown command 'appeng' 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> append name "str" (integer) 6 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "wfkstr" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> append name ",Test" #追加字符串 (integer) 11 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "wfkstr,Test" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set views 0 OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> incr views #增加浏览量(1) (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get views "1" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> incr views (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get views "2" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type views#获取类型 string 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> decr views (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get views "1" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> incrby views 10 #增长指定步长 (integer) 11 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get views "11" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> decrby views 5#减少指定步长 (integer) 6 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get views "6" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get name "wfkstr,Test" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> getrange name 0 3 #截取字符串 "wfks" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> getrange name 0 -1#截取全部 "wfkstr,Test" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set key2 abcdefg OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get key2 "abcdefg" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setrange key2 1 xx #替换指定位置的字符串 (integer) 7 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get key2 "axxdefg" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setex key3 30 hello #设置key3 值为hello OK,30秒后过期 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl key3 (integer) 16 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setnx mykey redis (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * 1) "mykey" 2) "age" 3) "key2" 4) "name" 5) "views" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl key3 (integer) -2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setnx mykeyt MongoDB #如果mykeyt 不存在那么去创建mykeyt (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> setnx mykeyt MongoDs#如果mykeyt 存在那么创建mykeyt失败 (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get mykeyt "MongoDB" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mset k1 v1 k2 v2 k3 v3 #批量设置键值 OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * 1) "k2" 2) "k1" 3) "k3" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget k1 k2 k3 # 同时获取多个值 1) "v1" 2) "v2" 3) "v3" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> msetnx k1 v1 k4 v4 # msetnx 是一个原子性的操作,要么一起成功,要么一起失败 (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# set user:1{name:wfk,age:3} 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mset user:1:name wfk user:1:age 2 OK 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * 1) "user:1:age" 2) "user:1:name" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> mget user:1:name user:1:age 1) "wfk" 2) "2" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# getset #先get再set 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> getset db redis #如果不存在值,那么返回nil (nil) 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get db "redis" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> getset db mongodb #如果存在值,获取原来的值,并存入新的值 "redis" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get db "mongodb" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
List(基本数据类型,列表)
所有的 list 命令都是“l”开头的。在 reidis 里面,我们可以把 list 玩成,栈、队列、阻塞队列!
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list one #将一个值或者多个值,插入到列表头部 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list two (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list three (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 -1 #获取list里面的值 1) "three" 2) "two" 3) "one" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 1 #获取list区间里面的值 1) "three" 2) "two" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> rpush list rrrr #将一个值或者多个值,插入到列表尾部 (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 -1 1) "three" 2) "two" 3) "one" 4) "rrrr" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpop list #移除list的第一个元素 "three" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 -1 1) "two" 2) "one" 3) "rrrr" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpop list #移除list的最后一个元素 "two" ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list one (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list two (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list three (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> llen list #返回列表的长度 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# 移除指定的值 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list one (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list two (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list three (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> llen list (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lpush list three (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 -1 1) "three" 2) "three" 3) "two" 4) "one" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrem list 1 three #移除一个相关的量 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrem list 1 three (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> lrange list 0 -1 1) "two" 2) "one" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ################################################# trim 修剪 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist hello (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist hello1 (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist hello2 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist hello3 (integer) 4 127.0.0.1:6379> ltrim mylist 1 2 #将其修剪为区间值 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mylist 0 -1 1) "hello1" 2) "hello2" 127.0.0.1:6379> rpoplpush mylist myotherlist #移除列表的最后一个元素,将他移动到新的列表中 "hello2" 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mylist 0 -1 #查看原来的列表 1) "hello1" 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange myotherlist 0 -1 #查看新的列表 1) "hello2" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# lset 将列表中的指定下标的值替换为另一个值,更新操作 127.0.0.1:6379> lpush list value1 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> lset list 0 item OK 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange list 0 0 1) "item" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# linsert 将某个具体的value插入到你的列表中的某个元素的前面或者后面! 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist hello (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mylist world (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> linsert mylist before world othre (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mylist 0 -1 1) "hello" 2) "othre" 3) "world" 127.0.0.1:6379>
小结
- 它实际是一个链表,before Node after ,left,right 都可以插入值
- 如果 key 不存在,创建一个新的链表
- 如果 key 存在,新增加内容
- 如果移除了所有值,空链表也代表不存在!
- 在两边插入或者改动值,效率最高!中间元素相对来说效率会低一点~
消息排队!消息队列 Lpush Rpop Lpush Lpop
Set(集合)
set 中的值是不能重读的
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset hello # set集合添加元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset wfk (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd myset dsds (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset # 查看指定set的所有值 1) "hello" 2) "dsds" 3) "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember myset hello #判断某一个值是不是在set集合中 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sismember myset world (integer) 0 127.0.0.1:6379> scard myset # 获取set集合元素个数 (integer) 3 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# rem 127.0.0.1:6379> srem myset hello # 移除set集合中指定的元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> scard myset (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dsds" 2) "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# set 无序不重复集合,随机抽取 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset #随机抽选出一个元素 "dasa" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset "dasasadsa" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset "dasa" 127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember myset "dasasadsadasdsaasdasd" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasd" 2) "dasasadsadasdsa" 3) "dasa" 4) "wfk" 5) "dasasadsa" 6) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasddasdas" 7) "dsds" 127.0.0.1:6379> spop myset #随机移除元素 "dasasadsadasdsa" 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasd" 2) "dasa" 3) "wfk" 4) "dasasadsa" 5) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasddasdas" 6) "dsds" 127.0.0.1:6379> spop myset "dasa" 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasd" 2) "wfk" 3) "dasasadsa" 4) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasddasdas" 5) "dsds" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 将一个指定元素移动到另外一个set集合 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dasasadsa" 2) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasddasdas" 3) "dsds" 127.0.0.1:6379> smove myset myset2 dsds #将一个指定的值,移动到另外一个set集合 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset 1) "dasasadsa" 2) "dasasadsadasdsaasdasddasdas" 127.0.0.1:6379> smembers myset2 1) "dsds" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 微博,B站,共同关注!(并集) 数字集合类: —— 差集 —— 交集 —— 并集 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key1 a (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key1 b (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key1 c (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key2 c (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key2 d (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sadd key2 e (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff key1 key2 #差集 1) "a" 2) "b" 127.0.0.1:6379> sinter key1 key2 #交集 1) "c" 127.0.0.1:6379> sunion key1 key2 #并集 1) "a" 2) "b" 3) "c" 4) "e" 5) "d" 127.0.0.1:6379>
微博,A 用户将所有关注的人放在一个 set 集合中!将他的粉丝也放到一个集合中!
共同关注,共同爱好,二度好友(六度分隔理论)
Hash(哈希)
Map 集合,key-map!这时候这个值是一个 map 集合,本质和 String 类型没有什么区别
127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb OK 127.0.0.1:6379> hset myhash key1 value1 #储存键值对 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hset myhash key2 value2 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hget myhash key1 "value1" 127.0.0.1:6379> hmset myhash key1 TTT key2 VVV #批量储存 OK 127.0.0.1:6379> hmget myhash key1 key2 #批量取出 1) "TTT" 2) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall myhash #获取所有的键值对 1) "key1" 2) "TTT" 3) "key2" 4) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall myhash 1) "key1" 2) "TTT" 3) "key2" 4) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> hdel myhash key1 #删除指定的key (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall myhash 1) "key2" 2) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# hlen 127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall myhash 1) "key2" 2) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> hlen myhash #获取hash表的字段数量 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379> hexists myhash key2 #判断hash中指定的字段是否存在! (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# # 只获取所有的 field # 只获取所有的value 127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys myhash # 只获取所有的 field 1) "key2" 127.0.0.1:6379> hvals myhash # 只获取所有的value 1) "VVV" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379> hset myhash key3 5 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> hincrby myhash key3 1 #指定增量 (integer) 6 127.0.0.1:6379> hincrby myhash key3 -1 (integer) 5 127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx myhash key4 hello (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> #################################################
hash 变更的数据 user name age ,尤其是用户信息之类的,经常变动的信息!hash 更适于对象储存,String 更加适合字符串储存!
Zset(有序集合)
在 set 的基础上,增加了一个值,set k1 v1 score1 v1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myset 1 one # 添加一个值 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd myset 2 two 3 three #添加多个值 (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange myset 0 -1 #查询全部 1) "one" 2) "two" 3) "three" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd salary 2500 xiaohong (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd salary 5000 zhangshan (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zadd salary 500 wfk (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore salary -inf +inf #排序 1) "wfk" 2) "xiaohong" 3) "zhangshan" 127.0.0.1:6379> 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore salary -inf +inf withscores #返回数据带有权值 1) "wfk" 2) "500" 3) "xiaohong" 4) "2500" 5) "zhangshan" 6) "5000" 127.0.0.1:6379> 127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore salary -inf 2500 withscores #获取指定范围的数据 1) "wfk" 2) "500" 3) "xiaohong" 4) "2500" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 移除rem中的元素 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange salary 0 -1 1) "wfk" 2) "xiaohong" 3) "zhangshan" 127.0.0.1:6379> zrem salary xiaohong #移除相应的元素 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379> zrange salary 0 -1 1) "wfk" 2) "zhangshan" 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379> zcard salary #查询数量 (integer) 2 127.0.0.1:6379> ################################################# 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zrevrange salary 0 -1 #从大到小排序 1) "zhangshan" 2) "xiaohong" 3) "wfk" 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> zcount myset 1 2 #获取指定区间数据的数量 (integer) 1 127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
案例思路:set 排序 储存班级成绩表,工资表排序
普通消息,重要消息,带权重进行判断
排行榜应用的实现
三种特殊数据类型
- geospatial(地理位置)
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