Kafka 入门安装

背景

Kafka 和 RabbitMQ 均为消息队列产品，各自特点如下：

• 吞吐：Kafka >> RabbitMQ
• 可靠性：RabbitMQ > Kafka，RabbitMQ 有消息确认机制，支持事务
• 可用性：Kafka 支持主备，RabbitMQ 支持 queue 的 mirror

安装

参考自官方的 quickStart

• 下载：http://kafka.apache.org/downloads
• 解压：tar xf kafka_2.11-1.0.0.tgz

启动 Server

• 启动单机版 Zookeeper

bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties
​

• 启动 Kafka Server

bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties
​

topic

创建 topic

创建一下 test 的 topic，包含一个分区和一个分片

$ bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test

Created topic "test".
​

查看 topic

$ bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181

test
​

发送消息

$ bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic test
>This is a message
>This is another message
​

订阅消息

$ bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --from-beginning
This is a message
This is another message
​

如果发送和订阅在两个终端，在发送消息时，可以在订阅终端实时看到消息

删除 topic

bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic test
​

多 broker

略，详见 官方 quickstart

使用 kafka connect 来导入导出数据

导入导出数据

生成测试数据

echo -e "foo\nbar" > test.txt
​

bin/connect-standalone.sh config/connect-standalone.properties config/connect-file-source.properties config/connect-file-sink.properties
​

三个配置文件，分别为

• 集群配置文件
• source connector: 从 input 文件 test.txt 读入数据，到 kafka
• sink connector: 从 kafka 读出数据，写入文件 test.sink.txt

重新订阅数据

上面的测试数据保存在 topic: connect-test 中，可以从头再订阅数据

$ bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic connect-test --from-beginning
{"schema":{"type":"string","optional":false},"payload":"foo"}
{"schema":{"type":"string","optional":false},"payload":"bar"}
​

继续写数据

$ echo "Another Line" >> test.txt
​

使用 kafka stream 来数据处理

• 官方 quickstart

Java Client

pom

pom.xml

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
			<artifactId>kafka_2.10</artifactId>
			<version>0.10.2.1</version>
		</dependency>
​

producer

import  java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;

public class MainKafkaProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");

        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer producer = new KafkaProducer(props);

        for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord("fw-blink-test", i % 1, Integer.toString(i), Integer.toString(i)));
            Thread.sleep(1000L);
        }
        producer.flush();
        producer.close();
    }
}
​

Consumer

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

import kafka.consumer.Consumer;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerIterator;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector;

public class MainKafkaConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
        props.put("zookeeper.connect", "localhost:2181");
        props.put("group.id", "group1");

        ConsumerConnector consumer = Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(new ConsumerConfig(props));

        Map topicCountMap = new HashMap();

        String topic = "fw-blink-test";

        // 一次从主题中获取一个数据
        topicCountMap.put(topic, 1);

        Mapbyte[], byte[]>>>  messageStreams = consumer.createMessageStreams(topicCountMap);

        // 获取每次接收到的这个数据
        KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]> stream = messageStreams.get(topic).get(0);
        ConsumerIterator<byte[], byte[]> iterator =  stream.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            String message = new String(iterator.next().message());
            System.out.println("接收到: " + message);
        }
    }
}
​