Linux/Centos7 以 RPM 方式安装 mysql-5.7.23

1.下载 mysql

官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

具体下载方式请看下图：

2.下载完成后，通过 ftp 上传到 centos

[root@eric111 software-package]# ls -al mysql*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 598528000 8月   6 20:23 mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3.解压

[root@eric111 software-package]# mkdir mysql5.7.23
[root@eric111 software-package]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql5.7.23
mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@eric111 software-package]# cd mysql5.7.23/
[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# ll
总用量 584508
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  25253600 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    280860 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   3806132 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  46741768 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  24079120 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 130014800 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2256452 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   2116280 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  55898240 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 173011196 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  15279108 6月  11 11:21 mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 119773428 6月  11 11:22 mysql-community-test-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4.卸载掉 centos7 自带的 mariadb-lib

[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

5.这里我们只安装 mysql-server 服务，只需要安装如下 4 个软件包即可，使用 rpm -ivh 进行安装（按顺序安装，后面的服务依赖前面的服务）

mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

具体如下：

[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]

6.初始化数据库

[root@eric111 mysql5.7.23]# mysqld --initialize #初始化后会在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码

7.修改 mysql 数据库目录的所属用户及其所属组，然后启动 mysql 数据库

[root@eric111 lib]# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
[root@eric111 lib]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@eric111 lib]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2018-08-06 20:41:25 CST; 6s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 13031 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 13003 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 13034 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─13034 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
>
8月 06 20:41:22 eric111 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
8月 06 20:41:25 eric111 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

注意：mysql5.7.23 安装后已默认设置为开机启动，如果没有设置，可以使用下面命令设置为开机启动

systemctl enable mysqld.service

8.登录 mysql，并修改 root 用户的密码（系统强制要求，否则不能操作 mysql）

[root@eric111 lib]# mysql -uroot -p'PCc08th_IDqh'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23
>
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
>
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
>
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
>
mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9.可能会遇到的问题（上次装 5.7.17 遇到过，这次没有遇到，可能之前我已经安装了相关依赖）

1).缺少libaio
[root@Eric002 mysql5.7]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
	libaio.so.1()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
	net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
解决办法：
[root@Eric002 mysql5.7]# yum install libaio

2)缺少net-tools
[root@Eric002 mysql5.7]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
	net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
解决办法：
>
yum install net-tools

OK,搞定！！！