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SpringCloud 系列 --3. 负载均衡 SpringCloud 使用 Ribbon

本贴最后更新于 1852 天前，其中的信息可能已经时移世易

1.运行 EurekaServer

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>org.crazyit.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>cloud-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	
</project>
​

配置文件 applicaiton.yml

server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
logging:
  level:
    com.netflix: INFO
​

启动类

package org.crazyit.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class FirstServer {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new SpringApplicationBuilder(FirstServer.class).run(args);
	}

}

​

2.运行服务端

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>org.crazyit.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>cloud-provider</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

</project>
​

配置文件 application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
​

服务类

package org.crazyit.cloud;


import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class FirstController {
	
	@RequestMapping(value = "/person/{personId}", method = RequestMethod.GET, 
			produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
	public Person findPerson(@PathVariable("personId") Integer personId, HttpServletRequest request) {
		Person person = new Person();
		person.setId(personId);
		person.setName("Crazyit");
		person.setAge(33);
		person.setMessage(request.getRequestURL().toString());		
		return person;
	}
}

​

启动类

package org.crazyit.cloud;

import java.util.Scanner;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class FirstServiceProvider {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 读取控制台输入作为端口参数
		Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
		String port = scan.nextLine();
		// 设置启动的服务器端口
		new SpringApplicationBuilder(FirstServiceProvider.class).properties(
				"server.port=" + port).run(args);
	}
}

​

然后运行时候分别启动端口 8088,8099 启动两个服务.

3. 调用端

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>org.crazyit.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>cloud-invoker</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

</project>
​

配置文件:里面指定了自定义的 IRule 和 IPing 实现

server:
  port: 9000
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-invoker
  cloud:
    loadbalancer:
      retry: false
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
cloud-provider:
  ribbon:
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: org.crazyit.cloud.MyRule
    NFLoadBalancerPingClassName: org.crazyit.cloud.MyPing
​
package org.crazyit.cloud;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IPing;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;

public class MyPing implements IPing {

	public boolean isAlive(Server server) {
		System.out.println("自定义Ping类，服务器信息：" + server.getHostPort());
		return true;
	}
}

​
package org.crazyit.cloud;

import java.util.List;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;

public class MyRule implements IRule {
	
	private ILoadBalancer lb;

	public Server choose(Object key) {
		List<Server> servers = lb.getAllServers();
		System.out.println("这是自定义服务器定规则类，输出服务器信息：");
		for(Server s : servers) {
			System.out.println("        " + s.getHostPort());
		}
		return servers.get(0);
	}

	public void setLoadBalancer(ILoadBalancer lb) {
		this.lb = lb;
	}

	public ILoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() {
		return this.lb;
	}
}

​

启动类

package org.crazyit.cloud;

import org.crazyit.cloud.config.MyConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class FirstInvoker {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(FirstInvoker.class, args);
	}
}

​

主要看下面的服务类:

package org.crazyit.cloud;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerRetryProperties;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.SpringClientFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAwareLoadBalancer;

@RestController
@Configuration
public class InvokerController {

	@LoadBalanced
	@Bean
	public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/router", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
	public String router() {
		RestTemplate restTpl = getRestTemplate();
		// 根据名称调用服务
		String json = restTpl.getForObject("http://cloud-provider/person/1",
				String.class);
		return json;
	}

	@Autowired
	private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancer;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/uselb", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
	public ServiceInstance uselb() {
		// 查找服务器实例
		ServiceInstance si = loadBalancer.choose("cloud-provider");
		return si;
	}

	@Autowired
	private SpringClientFactory factory;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/defaultValue", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
	public String defaultValue() {
		System.out.println("==== 输出默认配置：");
		// 获取默认的配置
		ZoneAwareLoadBalancer alb = (ZoneAwareLoadBalancer) factory
				.getLoadBalancer("default");
		System.out.println("    IClientConfig: "
				+ factory.getLoadBalancer("default").getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    IRule: " + alb.getRule().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    IPing: " + alb.getPing().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ServerList: "
				+ alb.getServerListImpl().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ServerListFilter: "
				+ alb.getFilter().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ILoadBalancer: " + alb.getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    PingInterval: " + alb.getPingInterval());
		System.out.println("==== 输出 cloud-provider 配置：");
		// 获取 cloud-provider 的配置
		ZoneAwareLoadBalancer alb2 = (ZoneAwareLoadBalancer) factory
				.getLoadBalancer("cloud-provider");
		System.out.println("    IClientConfig: "
				+ factory.getLoadBalancer("cloud-provider").getClass()
						.getName());
		System.out.println("    IRule: " + alb2.getRule().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    IPing: " + alb2.getPing().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ServerList: "
				+ alb2.getServerListImpl().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ServerListFilter: "
				+ alb2.getFilter().getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    ILoadBalancer: " + alb2.getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("    PingInterval: " + alb2.getPingInterval());
		return "";
	}
	
}

​

访问:
http://localhost:9000/router 由于我们自定义的负载规则只返回第一个，所以永远是
image.png

访问 http://localhost:9000/defaultValue

输出:

自定义 Ping 类，服务器信息：localhost:8099
自定义 Ping 类，服务器信息：localhost:8088
==== 输出默认配置：
IClientConfig: com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
IRule: com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAvoidanceRule
IPing: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.NIWSDiscoveryPing
ServerList: org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList
ServerListFilter: org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.ZonePreferenceServerListFilter
ILoadBalancer: com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
PingInterval: 30
==== 输出 cloud-provider 配置：
IClientConfig: com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
IRule: org.crazyit.cloud.MyRule
IPing: org.crazyit.cloud.MyPing
ServerList: org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList
ServerListFilter: org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.ZonePreferenceServerListFilter
ILoadBalancer: com.netflix.loadbalancer.ZoneAwareLoadBalancer
PingInterval: 30

可见 cloud-provider 配置中使用的 IRule,IPing 是我们已定义的实现。

  • Spring

    Spring 是一个开源框架，是于 2003 年兴起的一个轻量级的 Java 开发框架，由 Rod Johnson 在其著作《Expert One-On-One J2EE Development and Design》中阐述的部分理念和原型衍生而来。它是为了解决企业应用开发的复杂性而创建的。框架的主要优势之一就是其分层架构，分层架构允许使用者选择使用哪一个组件，同时为 JavaEE 应用程序开发提供集成的框架。

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