Lock 锁重点(Juc-02)

本贴最后更新于 1632 天前,其中的信息可能已经时移世改

Lock 接口

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**公平锁:**十分的公平,可以先来后到

**非公平锁:**十分不公平,可以插队 (默认)

public class SaleTicketDemo02 { public static void main(String[] args) { Ticket2 ticket = new Ticket2(); new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i <60 ; i++) ticket.sale(); },"A").start(); new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i <60 ; i++) ticket.sale(); },"B").start(); new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i <60 ; i++) ticket.sale(); },"C").start(); } } /* * 1、new ReentrantLock() * 2.lock.lock() 加锁 * 3、 finally=>lock.unlock() 解锁 * */ //资源类OOP class Ticket2 { private int number = 50; Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); public void sale() { lock.lock(); try { if(number>0){ System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"买到了第:"+number-- +"票"); } }catch (Exception e){ }finally { lock.unlock(); } } }

Synchronized 和 Lock 区别

  • synchronized 内置的 java 的关键子,Lock 是一个 Java 类
  • synchronized 无法判断获取所得状态,Lock 可以判断是否获取到了锁
  • synchronized 会自动释放锁,lock 必须要手动释放锁!如果不释放锁那么就是个死锁
  • synchronized 线程 1(获得锁,阻塞)、线程 2(等待,傻乎乎的等着),Lock 锁就不一定会等下去
  • synchronized 可重入锁,不可以中断,非公平的;Lock,可重入锁 ,可以判断锁,非公平的锁,可以自己设置
  • synchronized 适合锁少量的代码同步问题,Lock 适合锁大量的 同步代码!

生产者和消费者问题 synchronized 版

进行线程之间的通信

下面是两个线程之间的通信

package net.yscxy.pc; /** * @Author WangFuKun * @create 2020/11/19 20:46 */ /* * 线程之间的通信问题,生产者和消费者问题! 等待唤醒,通知唤醒 * 线程交替执行A B 操作同一个变量 num = 0 * */ public class A { public static void main(String[] args) { Data data = new Data(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"A").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.increment(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"B").start(); } } //判断、等待、通知 class Data{ private int number = 0; //+1 public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException { if (number!=0){ this.wait(); } number ++; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); //通知其他线程,我+1完成了 this.notify(); } //-1 public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException { if(number ==0){ //等待 this.wait(); } number --; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); //通知其他线程我-1完成了 this.notify(); } }

问题出现,如果是多个线程的话就会出现问题!,例如纯在 ABCD 四个线程就会出现问题(虚假唤醒!)

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解决方案

if 换成 while,类似下面这样

package net.yscxy.pc; /** * @Author WangFuKun * @create 2020/11/19 20:46 */ /* * 线程之间的通信问题,生产者和消费者问题! 等待唤醒,通知唤醒 * 线程交替执行A B 操作同一个变量 num = 0 * */ public class A { public static void main(String[] args) { Data data = new Data(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"A").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { try { data.increment(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"B").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"C").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"D").start(); } } //判断、等待、通知 class Data{ private int number = 0; //+1 public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException { while (number!=0){ this.wait(); } number ++; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); //通知其他线程,我+1完成了 this.notify(); } //-1 public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException { while(number ==0){ //等待 this.wait(); } number --; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); //通知其他线程我-1完成了 this.notify(); } }

JUC 版本的生产者和消费者问题

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代码实现

package net.yscxy.pc; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; /** * @Author WangFuKun * @create 2020/11/19 20:46 */ /* * 线程之间的通信问题,生产者和消费者问题! 等待唤醒,通知唤醒 * 线程交替执行A B 操作同一个变量 num = 0 * */ public class B { public static void main(String[] args) { Data2 data = new Data2(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"A").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.increment(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"B").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.decrement(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"C").start(); new Thread(()->{ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { try { data.increment(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } },"D").start(); } } //判断、等待、通知 class Data2{ private int number = 0; Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); //+1 public void increment() throws InterruptedException { lock.lock(); try { //业务代码 while(number !=0){ //等待 condition.await(); } number ++; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); //通知其他线程,我+1完成了 condition.signalAll(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } //-1 public void decrement() throws InterruptedException { lock.lock(); try { while(number ==0){ //等待 condition.await(); } number --; System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"->"+number); condition.signalAll();//唤醒全部 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } }

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Condition 进准的通知和和唤醒线程

A、B、C、D 有序执行

代码测试

package net.yscxy.pc; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; /** * @Author WangFuKun * @create 2020/11/19 20:46 */ /* * 让线程有序执行,A执行完成调用B,B执行完调用C,C执行完调用A * */ public class C { public static void main(String[] args) { Data3 data = new Data3(); new Thread(() -> { for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) { data.PrintA(); } },"A").start(); new Thread(() -> { for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) { data.PrintB(); } },"B").start(); new Thread(() -> { for (int i = 0; i <10 ; i++) { data.PrintC(); } },"C").start(); } } //判断、等待、通知 class Data3 { private int number = 1; Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition(); Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition(); Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition(); public void PrintA() { lock.lock(); try { //业务、判断、执行、通知 while (number!=1){ //等待 condition1.await(); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->AAAAAAAAAA"); //唤醒指定的人,唤醒2 number = 2; condition2.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } public void PrintB() { lock.lock(); try { //业务、判断、执行、通知 while (number!=2){ //等待 condition2.await(); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->BBBBBBBBB"); //唤醒指定的人,唤醒2 number = 3; condition3.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } public void PrintC() { lock.lock(); try { //业务、判断、执行、通知 while (number!=3){ //等待 condition3.await(); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->CCCCCCCCC"); //唤醒指定的人,唤醒2 number = 1; condition1.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } } }

8 锁现象

如何判断锁的是谁,锁的到底是谁

new this 锁的是具体的一个手机

static Class 唯一的一个模板

  • JUC
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