Redis cluster 部署

环境准备：
| 类别 | IP| 规格 | 主机名 |
| 1| 192.168.43.120| 4C8G |redis-cluster-01|
| 2| 192.168.43.121| 4C8G |redis-cluster-02|
| 3| 192.168.43.122| 4C8G |redis-cluster-03|
注意：系统均为 centos7.6，均已关闭 firewalld 和 selinux。
集群架构是三台机器，每台机器部署两个节点，端口分别是 6379 和 6380.

第一步：下载 Redis 离线二进制包

# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.10.tar.gz 

第二步：解压

# tar xf redis-4.0.10.tar.gz 
# mv redis-4.0.10 /usr/local/redis 

第三步：编译&&编译安装

# cd /usr/local/redis 
# make 
# make install 

第四步：将二进制可执行文件拷贝至/usr/local/bin 或者/usr/bin 目录下

# cd src/ 
# cp redis-trib.rb /usr/local/bin/ 

第五步：检查

# cd ../utils/
# ls -l
总用量 76 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 593 6月 13 2018 build-static-symbols.tcl 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 1303 6月 13 2018 cluster_fail_time.tcl 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 1070 6月 13 2018 corrupt_rdb.c 
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 create-cluster 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 2137 6月 13 2018 generate-command-help.rb 
drwxrwxr-x 3 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 graphs 
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 hashtable 
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 hyperloglog 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 9567 6月 13 2018 install_server.sh 
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 lru 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 1277 6月 13 2018 redis-copy.rb 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 1352 6月 13 2018 redis_init_script 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 1047 6月 13 2018 redis_init_script.tpl 
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 1762 6月 13 2018 redis-sha1.rb 
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 13 2018 releasetools 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 3787 6月 13 2018 speed-regression.tcl 
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 693 6月 13 2018 whatisdoing.sh 

第六步：部署节点 1

# ./install_server.sh 
Welcome to the redis service installer This script will help you easily set up a running redis server 
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] Selecting default: 6379 
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] /data/redis/conf/6379.conf 
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] /data/redis/logs/6379.log 
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] /data/redis/data/6379 Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server] 
Selected config: Port : 6379 
Config file : /data/redis/6379.conf 
Log file : /data/redis/logs/6379.log 
Data dir : /data/redis/6379 
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server 
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli 
Is this ok? 
Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort. 
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379 
Installing service... Successfully added to chkconfig! 
Successfully added to runlevels 345! 
Starting Redis server... Installation successful!

注意：
①.如果是部署单机 Redis，到这里就算结束了。
②.由于部署的集群是单机双实例（如果有条件的话，可以一台机器只部署一个节点），所以第六步和第七步都要执行。
第七步：部署节点 2

# ./install_server.sh 
Welcome to the redis service installer This script will help you easily set up a running redis server 
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 6380 
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6380.conf] /data/redis/conf/6380.conf 
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6380.log] /data/redis/logs/6380.log 
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6380] /data/redis/data/6380 Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server] 
Selected config: Port : 6380 
Config file : /data/redis/6380.conf 
Log file : /data/redis/logs/6380.log 
Data dir : /data/redis/6380 
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server 
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli 
Is this ok? 
Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort. 
Copied /tmp/6380.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6380 
Installing service... Successfully added to chkconfig! 
Successfully added to runlevels 345! 
Starting Redis server... Installation successful!

第八步：检查

# tree -L 3 
 . 
└── redis 
    ├── 6379 
    ├── 6379.conf 
    ├── 6380 
    ├── 6380.conf 
    └── logs 
        ├── 6379.log 
        └── 6380.log 
4 directories, 4 files

另外的两台机器按照上面的步骤（第一步到第八步）操作即可。
第九步：配置

# sed -i "s/# cluster-enabled yes/cluster-enabled yes/g;s/bind 127.0.0.1/bind 192.168.43.120 127.0.0.1/g" /data/redis/*.conf

注意：在另外两台机器同样执行那条命令，只需将 192.168.43.120 换成本机的 IP 即可；

第十步：重启 Redis 使配置生效

# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart

第十一步：检查
redis-cluster-01：

# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.120:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.120:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5617/sshd 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.120:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.120:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1

redis-cluster-02：

# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.121:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.121:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5617/sshd 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.121:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.121:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1

redis-cluster-03：

# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.122:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.122:6380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5617/sshd 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.122:16379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9485/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1 
tcp 0 0 192.168.43.122:16380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9495/redis-server 1

第十二步：Redis 优化
在我们启动 Redis 的时候，查看 Redis 的启动日志，官方很友好的将一些需要优化的都给我们明显的标出来了，我们只需要按照那个修改即可，如有别的需求可以自行查看官方相关参数进行修改；如下即是 Redis 启动时的优化提示：

9375:M 15 May 11:14:28.574 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128. 
9375:M 15 May 11:14:28.574 # Server initialized 
9375:M 15 May 11:14:28.574 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect. 
9375:M 15 May 11:14:28.574 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.

# echo 1024 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn 
# echo "vm.overcommit_memory = 1" >>/etc/sysctl.conf 
# sysctl -p 
# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 
# echo "echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled" >>/etc/rc.local

另外两台机器同样执行上面的操作。
第十三步：安装 gem

# yum -y install ruby ruby-devel rubygems rpm-build 
# gem install -l redis-3.0.0.gem 
Successfully installed redis-3.0.0 
Parsing documentation for redis-3.0.0 
Installing ri documentation for redis-3.0.0 
1 gem installed

上面的 gem 文件我已上传到百度云网盘

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1B-Zk1KAPjUrJzCpvAZaU_w  
密码:1kbv

第十四步：创建集群

# redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.43.120:6379 192.168.43.121:6379 192.168.43.122:6379 192.168.43.120:6380 192.168.43.121:6380 192.168.43.122:6380
>>> Creating cluster 
auses ArgumentError in the next release 
warning: this causes ArgumentError in the next release 
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... 
Using 3 masters: 
192.168.43.120:6379 
192.168.43.121:6379 
192.168.43.122:6379 
Adding replica 192.168.43.121:6380 to 192.168.43.120:6379 
Adding replica 192.168.43.122:6380 to 192.168.43.121:6379 
Adding replica 192.168.43.120:6380 to 192.168.43.122:6379 
M: 79e82a8357f67ac623479cc76575b39c9f7b8b39 192.168.43.120:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 
M: 234af44758281d646f81ee482edd23a0f6c97237 192.168.43.121:6379 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 
M: 99d4866d25028faae3b03367a39871ab642704ab 192.168.43.122:6379 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 
S: 19773196edde889421ef4d124ee1b60c2a02d5d5 192.168.43.120:6380 replicates 99d4866d25028faae3b03367a39871ab642704ab 
S: 4dde88648d44c87ff646b134b0e024043eecda40 192.168.43.121:6380 replicates 79e82a8357f67ac623479cc76575b39c9f7b8b39 
S: 686cf842893bdf6e79e10bba28fcc9388848f14f 192.168.43.122:6380 replicates 234af44758281d646f81ee482edd23a0f6c97237 
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes 
>>> Nodes configuration updated 
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node 
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster 
Waiting for the cluster to join........... 
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.43.120:6379) 
M: 79e82a8357f67ac623479cc76575b39c9f7b8b39 192.168.43.120:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) 
S: 4dde88648d44c87ff646b134b0e024043eecda40 192.168.43.121:6380 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 79e82a8357f67ac623479cc76575b39c9f7b8b39 
M: 234af44758281d646f81ee482edd23a0f6c97237 192.168.43.121:6379 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) 
S: 686cf842893bdf6e79e10bba28fcc9388848f14f 192.168.43.122:6380 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 234af44758281d646f81ee482edd23a0f6c97237 
S: 19773196edde889421ef4d124ee1b60c2a02d5d5 192.168.43.120:6380 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 99d4866d25028faae3b03367a39871ab642704ab 
M: 99d4866d25028faae3b03367a39871ab642704ab 192.168.43.122:6379 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 
1 additional replica(s) 
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. 
>>> Check for open slots... 
>>> Check slots coverage... 
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.

当出现两个 OK 就是集群已经创建完毕。
第十五步：Redis 集群设置密码（按照生产需要自行决定）

# redis-cli -h 192.168.43.120 -p 6379 -c --raw 
192.168.43.120:6379> config set requirepass Tnobn?dju89U 
OK 
192.168.43.120:6379> auth Tnobn?dju89U 
OK 
192.168.43.120:6379> exit 
# redis-cli -h 192.168.43.120 -p 6379 -c --raw 
192.168.43.120:6379> config get requirepass 
NOAUTH Authentication required. 
192.168.43.120:6379> auth Tnobn?dju89U 
OK 
192.168.43.120:6379> config get requirepass 
requirepass Tnobn?dju89U 
192.168.43.120:6379> exit 

config set requirepass gnjRg54ish 
auth gnjRg54ish 
config set masterauth gnjRg54ish

上面的配置只是临时的，一旦 Redis 重启就会失效；永久修改只需要在 redis.conf 中添加如下配置，重启即可。

masterauth 密码 
requirepass 密码

Redis 配置文件释义：

Redis的配置
　　daemonize：如需要在后台运行，把该项的值改为yes
　　pdifile：把pid文件放在/var/run/redis.pid，可以配置到其他地址
　　bind：指定redis只接收来自该IP的请求，如果不设置，那么将处理所有请求，在生产环节中最好设置该项
　　port：监听端口，默认为6379
　　timeout：设置客户端连接时的超时时间，单位为秒
　　loglevel：等级分为4级，debug，revbose，notice和warning。生产环境下一般开启notice
　　logfile：配置log文件地址，默认使用标准输出，即打印在命令行终端的端口上
　　database：设置数据库的个数，默认使用的数据库是0
　　save：设置redis进行数据库镜像的频率
　　rdbcompression：在进行镜像备份时，是否进行压缩
　　dbfilename：镜像备份文件的文件名
　　dir：数据库镜像备份的文件放置的路径
　　slaveof：设置该数据库为其他数据库的从数据库
　　masterauth：当主数据库连接需要密码验证时，在这里设定
　　requirepass：设置客户端连接后进行任何其他指定前需要使用的密码
　　maxclients：限制同时连接的客户端数
　　maxmemory：设置redis能够使用的最大内存
　　appendonly：开启appendonly模式后，redis会把每一次所接收到的写操作都追加到appendonly.aof文件中，当redis重新启动时，会从该文件恢复出之前的状态
　　appendfsync：设置appendonly.aof文件进行同步的频率
　　vm_enabled：是否开启虚拟内存支持
　　vm_swap_file：设置虚拟内存的交换文件的路径
　　vm_max_momery：设置开启虚拟内存后，redis将使用的最大物理内存的大小，默认为0
　　vm_page_size：设置虚拟内存页的大小
　　vm_pages：设置交换文件的总的page数量
　　vm_max_thrrads：设置vm IO同时使用的线程数量